1. Media
Chapter 8

2. Bell-Work 1/17/17
What effect do you think the media (Facebook, FoxNews, Twitter) has on public policy and the opinion of the American people?

3. Targets and Objectives
SS-H-GC-S-5: Students will analyze and synthesize a variety of information from print and non-print sources (e.g., books, documents, articles, interviews, Internet, film, media) to research issues perspectives and solutions to problems.
Target
I can explain the role of the media in the making of public policy.

4. Bell-work What does “many publics exist” mean?
I have the following Campaign Ads:
Tyler
James
Brooke
Treasure
Stephanie
If you do not see your group I need your assignments by tomorrow at the end of class. Some of you have handed them in but will need to see me when we begin class work.

5. The Formation of Public Opinion
Section 1

6. Public Opinion is…
A view which involves something of general concern and of interest to a significant portion of the people as a whole.
A complex collection of the opinions of many different people
The sum of, not a single-undivided view (mass mind)
Public opinion is expressed in some form (oral, demonstration, and media)

7. Should be used to describe opinions on…
Political parties
Candidates
Taxes
Unemployment
Welfare programs
National defense
Foreign policy

8. Family Stories, parent opinions, watching television,
the family impacts the direction in which children will view policies.
Absorb parental political view

9. Education Schools endeavor to teach students how to be good citizens.
Students are taught about history and politics.
Classrooms provide encounters of different views.

10. Citizens receive news reports from television, papers, and magazines.
Mass Media
Citizens receive news reports from television, papers, and magazines.
Each media may have its own version of the truth.

11. Peer Groups
Reinforcement of beliefs due to trust and similar life experiences.
Possible limitations of thinking beyond the shared ideas.

12. Opinion Leaders Views of these people influence the views of others.
People listen to the views of Opinion Leaders due to their standing in the community (or communities).

13. Historical Events
Similar experiences linked to like needs develop new policies.
New events have the ability to change views.

14. “Many Publics exists exist in the United States”
There are many opinions. Those opinions are complex, with people who share one opinion not necessarily sharing an opinion about other topics.
Abortion
Gun Rights
Presidential Candidates

15. Why are family and school important in shaping political views?
Family and school are important in shaping political views because these places are where politics and opinions are initially encountered and most frequently heard.

16. Definitions Public Affairs Public Opinion Mass Media Peer Group
Those views that concern the people at large.
Public Opinion
Those attitudes held by a significant number of people on matters of government and politics.
Mass Media
Those means of communication that reach large, widely dispersed audiences simultaneously.
Peer Group
Made up of the people with whom one regularly associates, including friends, classmates, neighbors, and co-workers.
Opinion Leader
Any person who, for any reason, has an unusually strong influence on the views of others.

17. Measuring Public Opinion
Section 2

18. Elections
Votes cast are thought to reflect how people feel about the issues on each candidates platform.
The results of a vote rarely accurately displays public opinion.

19. Interest Groups The chief way to determine public opinion.
Use lobbyists to demonstrate and provide their opinions.

20. Media
The media often molds opinions more than mirroring it.

21. Personal Contacts
Legislators and other government officials receive mail, , and phone calls; which help them to discover what their constituents want.

22. Polls
Develop questions which gage selected individual reactions. This is the most accurate way to determine public opinion.

23. Polling Process
Defining the Universe – determining the population in which the poll will measure
Constructing a Sample – selecting the type of sample that will be used
Preparing Valid Questions – creating the questions for the polls
Interviewing – asking the questions to the selected sample
Analyze and Report Findings – analyze and report the data

24. Definitions Mandate Interest Group Public Opinion Poll Straw Vote
Sample
Random Sample
Quota Sample

25. The Mass Media
Section 3

26. Bell-work 1/26/17
Does mass media determine how individuals think about ideas or what ideas the public thinks about? Be ready to explain.

27. Big Three: NBC, CBS, ABC --> Up & Coming: CNN, FOX, PBS
Mass Media
Television
Big Three: NBC, CBS, ABC --> Up & Coming: CNN, FOX, PBS
45% of all viewing time is completed on one of these stations.
In 1939, Franklin Roosevelt opened the NY World Fair on camera
1951 President Truman completed the first transcontinental broadcast, to Japanese Peace Treaty in San Francisco
Newspaper
New York Times, Washington Post, Chicago Tribune
1704 Boston News-Letter became the first regularly published paper
1783 first daily news, Pennsylvania Evening Post & Daily Adventure
First papers typically held political news
Greater depth of coverage
Radio
NBC, CBS, ABC, MBS (Mutual Broadcasting Station)
1920
KDKA aired the presidential election returns/results
Franklin Roosevelt was the first major public figure to use this medium effectively
NPR – National Public Radio
Talk-radio – provides opinions and analysis
Magazines
National Geographic, Reader’s Digest, AARP the Magazine, News Week, U.S. News and World Report
Benjamin Franklin created one of the first magazines, General Magazine in 1741
First national medium
Important vehicles of political views and opinions

28. Television Big Three: NBC, CBS, ABC --> Up & Coming: CNN, FOX, PBS
45% of all viewing time is completed on one of these stations.
In 1939, Franklin Roosevelt opened the NY World Fair on camera
1951 President Truman completed the first transcontinental broadcast, to Japanese Peace Treaty in San Francisco

29. Newspaper New York Times, Washington Post, Chicago Tribune
1704 Boston News-Letter became the first regularly published paper
1783 first daily news, Pennsylvania Evening Post & Daily Adventure
First papers typically held political news
Greater depth of coverage

30. Radio NBC, CBS, ABC, MBS (Mutual Broadcasting Station) 1920
KDKA aired the presidential election returns/results
Franklin Roosevelt was the first major public figure to use this medium effectively
NPR – National Public Radio
Talk-radio – provides opinions and analysis

31. Important vehicles of political views and opinions
Magazines
National Geographic, Reader’s Digest, AARP the Magazine, News Week, U.S. News and World Report
Benjamin Franklin created one of the first magazines, General Magazine in 1741
First national medium
Important vehicles of political views and opinions

32. Mass Media and Public Agenda
Mass media is the primary source of information about government and politics
The media determines what public matters the people will receive through the media
The tone in which the media presents topics, optimizes how the public receives the information
(About what not how)

33. The Influence of Television
Candidates are no longer dependent on the party organizations in order to reach people.
Campaign managers focus their campaigns around television exposure and how the candidate will appear.

34. Vocabulary
Medium – a means of communication which provides information (singular form – media)
Public Agenda – the societal problems that the nation's political leaders and the general public agree need government attention.
Sound Bite – snappy reports of 30 to 45 seconds.

35. Limited Influence
A limited amount of the public listens to the candidates views
Listen to similar viewpoint sources
Media doesn't discuss public affairs a majority of the time
People have to want to be informed

36. Definitions
Medium
Public Agenda
Sound Bite