1. Environmental Changes
EQ: What are short/long term environmental changes and how are organisms affected by them?

2. Environmental Changes
Changes in environmental conditions can affect the survival of individual organisms and entire species.

3. Short-term Changes
Change that occurs quickly and affects organism immediately.
Short-term environmental changes, like floods, don’t give populations time to adapt to change and force them to move or die.
Can recover in a short time
Can cause the behavior of an organism to change
“move or die”

4. Long-term Changes
Environmental change that occurs slowly over time and affects organisms over generations.
Long-term environmental changes, like climate change, can permanently alter an ecosystem, but over time the change may cause some genetic variations to become more favorable or less favorable in the new environment. If gene variations to the new environment are not present or do not develop, populations can become extinct.
Can cause the genes/behavior of an entire population to change
Can cause permanent change to ecosystem
Can cause extinction
“Adapt or Die!”

5. Peppered Moth Example

6. Natural Selection
Natural selection - individuals better adapted to the environment are able to survive & reproduce.
A.K.A. “Survival of the fittest”

7. Vs. Selective Breeding Domestic animals: Food Crops:
Dogs
Cats
Cattle
Pigs
Food Crops:
Corn
Wheat
Soybeans
Humans breed specific plants or animals for desired traits
NOT NATURAL

8. Double Bubble map Time!
Create a double bubble map for short-term and long term environmental change
Use the following terms and phrases in your bubbles.

9. Climate Change
Drought
Hurricane
Can cause extinction
Can recover from change in a short time
Floods
Can cause permanent change to ecosystem
Ice Age
Volcanic eruptions
Can cause the behavior of an organism to change
Can cause the behavior of an entire population to change
Seasons
Oil Spill
Forest Fire

10. Do you remember this? What happens after a short term change disaster?

11. Primary Succession Begins in a place without any soil
Sides of volcanoes
Soil starts to form as lichens and the forces of weather and erosion help break down rocks into smaller pieces
Called PIONEER SPECIES

12. Primary Succession

13. Secondary Succession
Begins in a place that already has soil and was once the home of living organisms
Occurs faster and has different pioneer species than primary succession
Example: after forest fires and floods

14. Secondary Succession

15. Questions
1. List 3 examples of long-term environmental changes 2. List 3 examples of short-term environmental changes 3. Which type of environmental change will most likely change the ecosystem permanently? Explain. 4. How can long-term & short-term changes CHANGE the genetic make-up of a population? 5. How can a population survive a long-term environmental change? Explain why this is helpful.