1. Lecture 22 WEB: Go to pollev.com/ucibio TEXT: Text UCIBIO to 37607
After joining session, text your question

2. Lecture 22 objectives
Understand hormonal regulation of fatty acid mobilization
Understand how fats provide energy to the brain
Understand differences and similarities between starvation and diabetes
Describe the reactions of fatty acid synthesis
Compare FAS and b-oxidation
Understand the regulation of fatty acid metabolism

3. Hormonal regulation

4. The brain problem… Most energy stored as fatty acids
Brain only uses Glc
Fatty acids  Glc?

5. The TCA

6. The brain problem… Most energy stored as fatty acids
Brain only uses Glc
Fatty acids  Glc?
How does brain function during starvation?

7. Production of ketone bodies
Starvation  Glycogen = 1 day
Amino acids  Glc. BUT…
Muscles can use fatty acids ( need for Glc)
Gluconeogenesis OAA, so TCA
Without , liver makes “___________” from fats

8. Ketone bodies

9. Diabetes & ketone bodies
Starvation  __ KB  Used by brain
Extreme starvation  Muscle breakdown
No insulin  _ Blood sugar, AND _ FA breakdown
Too much Acetyl CoA  __ Ketone bodies
Brain has plenty of Glc!
__ Ketone bodies in blood = __ pH  __ Death

10. If only…

11. Making fatty acids = adding 2 Cs to chain!

12. AcCoA  Malonyl CoA

13. ACP in FAS

14. FAS

15. FAS

16. Fatty acid synthesis

17. Substrate shuttling in FAS

18. Substrate shuttling in FAS

19. Further steps…

20. Further steps…

21. Data analysis
Liraglutide is a drug that inhibits production of Glucagon. Treat normal and diabetic mice with Liraglutide and measure levels of blood glucose and ketone bodies.
-Liraglutide
+Liraglutide
Glucagon levels
Normal
Diabetic
-Liraglutide
+Liraglutide
Blood glucose
Normal
Diabetic
-Liraglutide
+Liraglutide
Ketone bodies
Normal
Diabetic

22. Regulation of FAS & breakdown

23. Allosteric regulation of ACC