1. Medical Terminology & Kinesiology

2. Learning Objectives
1. Know the importance of being able to read, write, and communicate using medical terminology. 2. Identify common roots and combining forms, suffixes, and prefixes. 3. Break down medical terms into their component parts and interpret the terms correctly.

3. Why is medical terminology important?
Standardized communication
Helps to decipher complex information
Understand diagnoses & procedures
Treating patients
Fast & easy documentation

4. General Information
Most of medical terminology is rooted in Greek and Latin
Abbreviations can have multiple meanings
Pronunciation varies from practitioner to practitioner
Correct spelling is crucial:
Ileum: part of the small intestine
Ilium: part of the hip bone
Terms generally consist of a root, prefix and suffix

5. Pronunciation Sounds like… May begin with… Example F Flatus Ph PhlegmJ G
Gingivitis
Jaundice K C
Crepitus Ch
Cholera
Kyphosis Qu
Quadriplegia S
Cytology Ps
Psychologist
Serology Z X
Xeroderma
Zygote

6. Definitions Prefix: placed at beginning of root to change it’s meaning
May also indicate location, number or time
Ex: Pre- means before
Root word/Combining Form: central part of the word
Usually describe part of the body or color
Ex: cyan/o means bluish
Suffix: placed at end of root to modify it’s meaning
Usually indicate a procedure, condition, disorder or disease
Ex: -itis means inflammation
Abbreviations: shortened form of a word
May be derived from a Latin word
May be an acronym
Ex: PRN “pro re nata”: as needed
Ex: ROM: range of motion

7. Putting It Together
Peri-
cardi/o
-ectomy
Mono-
chrom/o
-tism
Hypo-
chondr/o
-iasis

8. Kinesiology kines(i)-:movement -ology: the study of
Anatomical Position: reference point
Face forward
Arms at sides
Palms Forward
Feet close together

10. Body Directions Superior vs. Inferior Anterior vs. Posterior
Medial vs. Lateral
Distal vs. Proximal
Superficial vs. Deep
Ventral vs. Dorsal
Caudal vs. Cephalic
Supine vs. Prone

11. Body Planes 3 imaginary planes: Sagittal: divides body
into L and R halves
Medial, lateral
Frontal (coronal): divides body
into front and back portions
Anterior, superior
Transverse: divides body
into upper and lower parts
Superior, inferior

12. Body Movements Extension: straightens or opens joints
Flexion: bends a joint or brings bones closer together
Adduction: brings limb medially—toward midline
Abduction: move limbs laterally—away from midline

13. Special Movements
Medial (internal) rotation: limb turns towards midline
Lateral (external) rotation: limb turns away from midline
Circumduction: combination of flex, ext, add & abd
Horizontal Abduction: shoulder movement, flexion and abduction
Horiztonal Adduction: shoulder movement, flexion and adduction
Rotation: turn head side to side
Lateral Flexion: ear to shoulder
Opposition: thumb to pinky
Supination:
Forearm: palm up
Feet: outside edge of foot
Pronation:
Forearm: palm down
Feet: inside edge of foot

14. Special Movements Plantar Flexion: ankle movement—gas pedal
Dorsiflexion: ankle movement—toes to nose
Protraction: protrude/move anteriorly
Retraction: retreat/move posteriorly
Deviation: moving away from normal position
Upward Rotation: bottom of scapula moves up and lateral
Downward Rotation: bottom of scapula moves down and medial
Elevation: move superiorly
Depression: move inferiorly
Supine: lying face UP
Prone: lying face DOWN
Side-lying: lying on side