1. Chemical Bonds

2. Three Types of Bonds Three types of bonds we need to know:
Ionic bonds – bonds between ions to balance out charges
metal + non-metal
opposite charges attract
Covalent bonds – bonds between two non- metals sharing (“co”) electrons
Non-metal + non-metal
Metallic bonds - bonds between two metals
metal + metal = Alloy!

3. METALLIC BOND Very strong “bond” between two metals atoms

4. Metallic Bond Formed between two or more atoms of metallic elements
Electron “cloud” around the metal atoms
Sometimes called a “sea of electrons”

5. Metallic Bonding Between Metals bound in a “Lattice”
An interlaced structure or pattern… but in 3D!  
Many metal ions occupy a “fixed” space and electrons float in- between
A “sea of electrons” flows between each of the metal elements

6. A Sea of Electrons

7. Metals Form Alloys Metals do not actually “bond” with metals
They form Alloys
An Alloy is a solution of a metal in a metal
Examples are steel, brass, bronze and pewter

8. Metallic Bonding  Alloys
Metallic bonding accounts for many physical properties of metals:
Strength
Ductility
Electrical conductivity
Luster
Alloys are strong materials!
The atoms in metals have a strong attractive force between them. A lot of energy is required to break the bonds
This gives most metals very high melting and boiling points
And, this means metals have a poor solubility!

9. What are some Alloys? Bronze = copper + tin Brass = copper + zinc
Pewter = tin + another metal (such as antimony, silver, lead or bismuth)
Steel is an alloy of iron + another metal (used to produce housewares, buildings, power tools, weaponry and even jewelry…)

10. What do we use Alloys for?
Magnets in loudspeakers
Dental fillings
Friction-reducing coating in machine bearings
Door locks and bolts
Musical instruments, central heating pipes
Metal structures such as bridges 
Heavy-duty cookware
Automobile and aircraft body parts
Military equipment
Guns
Nuclear Reactors
Medical Tools
And more!