1. Cellular Respiration

2. Cellular Respiration
The process that cells use to break down glucose to release energy in the presence of Oxygen (O2)

3. Energy in the cell is available in the form of certain compounds, such as
ATP - (Adenosine Triphosphate)

4. Hmm…
Explain how ATP and ADP cycle like a rechargeable battery for a phone.

5. (Lactic acid fermentation or
Overview:
Cellular Respiration
Aerobic Respiration
i) Krebs Cycle
ii) Electron transport chain
Fermentation
Anaerobic pathway
(Lactic acid fermentation or
Alcohol fermentation)
Glycolysis
O2 present
O2 absent

6. Cellular Respiration of 1 Glucose molecule
Glycolysis = 6 ATP
Krebs Cycle and Electron Transport Chain = 30 ATP
Grand Total of ATP molecules
from 1 Glucose!

7. If O2 is NOT present:
Fermentation occurs (anaerobic respiration meaning that oxygen is not required)
Two types of fermentation:
Alcoholic Fermentation
Lactic Acid Fermentation

8. Alcoholic Fermentation
Used by yeast and a few other microorganisms.
Produces Ethyl Alcohol and CO2 as wastes.
Pyruvic Acid + NADH
Alcohol + CO2 + NAD+

9. Lactic Acid Fermentation
Produced in many cells including your muscles.
Pyruvic Acid + NADH
Lactic Acid + NAD+
Lactic Acid is produced during rapid exercise, causing a painful, burning sensation. This effect is reduced with potassium.

10. Review
When oxygen is present most the ATP made in cellular respiration is produced by:
A. aerobic respiration
B. glycolysis
C. alcoholic fermentation
D. lactic acid fermentation

11. Photosynthesis
Learning Goal 5-6

12. Chloroplast The organelle that does PHOTOSYNTHESIS Parts:
Turns sunlight into food energy (sugar)
Parts:
Thylakoid
Green coins
Granum
Stack of thylakoids
Stroma
Outer jelly substance

13. Review
Which organelle does photosynthesis?

14. Photosynthesis Equation
Light Energy
Chloroplast
CO2 + H2O
Sugars + O2

15. Photosynthesis Equation
Reactants: what the plant needs
Water (H2O)
Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
Sunlight
Products: what the plant makes
Oxygen (O2)
Sugar = Glucose (C6H12O6)
6CO2 + 6H2O + Sunlight  6O2 + C6H12O6

16. Review What are the reactants in photosynthesis?
What are the products?

17. Factors Affecting Photosynthesis
Temperature
The more reactants the faster it goes
Eventually photosynthesis reaches a maximum speed
If you are missing ANY reactant (ingredient), photosynthesis will stop

18. Review What temperatures might slow down photosynthesis?
If a plant has an unlimited amount of reactants, will photosynthesis speed up forever?
What can stop photosynthesis?