1. Parathyroid Hormone
Christina Chan

2. Gland and Chemical Class
Parathyroid Gland
Polypeptide

3. Target Tissue and Source of Control
bones and kidneys
CHIEF CELLS produce PTH
function: control concentration of calcium in blood

4. When Calcium concentration falls below normal...
chief cells secrete PTH
release of stored calcium from bone
enhanced reabsorption of calcium in kidneys
stimulation of calcitriol production at kidneys
calcium important for nervous, muscular and skeletal system
1) chief cells produce and secrete PTH
2) stimulation of osteoclasts and inhibition of osteoblasts
unlike thyroid gland, PT gland has no effect on metabolism

6. Hyper/Hypo-Secretion
Hyperparathyroidism: PT gland produces too much PTH due to a tumor on PT gland
Hypoparathyroidism: when PT gland produces too little PTH
Hyper:
1. chronic fatigue, depression, bones hurt, osteoporosis
2. Decalcification of bone which leads to fractures (osteitis fibrosa cystica).
Hypo:
nerve depolarization → muscle cramps, random muscle spasms, twitches, and convulsions
2. Trousseau sign - Cuffing the arm leads to irreversible flexion of fingers.
3. Chvostek sign - Tapping the facial nerve branches at the lower margin of the jaw produces contractions of facial muscles.

7. Bibliography
Bowen, R. "Parathyroid Hormone." Colorado State University. N.p., 28 Sept Web. 11 Feb <
"Endocrine Hormones and Disorders." Union County College. N.p., 10 Feb Web. 11 Feb <
"Normal Parathyroid Gland Function. How Parathyroid Glands Work." Parathyroid. Norman Parathyroid Center, n.d. Web. 11 Feb <
Rennert, Nancy J., ed. "PTH." MedlinePlus. A.D.A.M, 11 Dec Web. 11 Feb <
Thompson, E. Gregory. "Parathyroid Hormone." Web MD. Healthwise, 10 Apr Web. 11 Feb <