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Very important proteins
Enzymes VIP’s! Very important proteins
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Proteins that start up or speed up chemical reactions.
Enzymes Proteins that start up or speed up chemical reactions.
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5.5A Activation E is the E needed to start a chemical reaction Catalysts lower that amount of E needed So, catalysts speed up chemical reactions Enzymes are catalysts fir chemical reactions in living things
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A B Substrate molecules Active Site of the Enzyme molecule
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High School | Science - Mr. Wanamaker
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How enzymes work:
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A B Active Site Enzyme molecule
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B A Active Site Enzyme molecule
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Enzyme molecule lowering the …???
Substrates that are brought together REACT (change!) A B active site Enzyme molecule lowering the …???
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Product molecule Is different! Enzyme molecule is… active site
Unchanged so can be reused
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Enzyme Substrate Active Site- the important part of an enzyme
Fits the active site Active Site- the important part of an enzyme
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Enzyme + Substrate
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The reaction begins
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Product Enzyme +Substrates Enzyme
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The substrate is broken
Hydrolysis Reaction What kind of reaction is this? The substrate is broken into small molecules.
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Small substrate molecules
Synthesis Reaction What kind of reaction is this? Small substrate molecules build a large product.
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Name all of the parts of this reaction.
Enzyme + Substrate Name all of the parts of this reaction. Enzyme Enzyme Substrate Product
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An enzyme. What kind of organic molecules are they made of?
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Active Site Enzyme – Substrate Complex
- place where the substrate fits
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The Lock and Key Hypothesis
Enzymes are specific: They only work on specific substrates The Lock and Key Hypothesis
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Naming Enzymes Take the name of the substrate, add “ase”, and you have named the enzyme that affects it!
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Examples Maltase Lipase Protease Enzymes are specific
What enzyme breaks down lactose?
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Factors that affect the rate of enzyme action
The concentration of the enzyme
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Factors that affect the rate of enzyme action
The concentration of the substrate (s)
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Enzyme reactions are affected by:
pH All reactions have a pH in which they work best. They are different for different enzymes
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Temperature Enzyme reactions are affected by:
All reactions have a pH in which they work best
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Denaturation Changing the shape of the protein (like an enzyme), and it no longer works
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