1. Compressible Flow Turbines
P M V Subbarao
Professor
Mechanical Engineering Department
Ideas to Utilize Natural Resources with Chemical/Nuclear Potential……

2. Turbines for Incompressible Flows Vs Compressible Flows
Fluid is a source of Energy
&
Means to Execute Thermodynamic Actions
Hydraulic Turbines
&
Wind Turbines
Source of Energy cannot execute Thermodynamic Actions
&
Fluid is a Means to Execute Thermodynamic Actions
Steam/Vapor Turbines
&
Gas Turbines

3. Energizing Working Fluid through Mechanisms of Heat Transfer
The potential of natural resources (Fuels) is converted into Thermal Energy.
Mechanisms of Heat Transfer are implemented to transfer released thermal energy form source to working fluid.
Selection of suitable thermodynamic Process to execute Heat Transfer is highly valuable decision.
It took nearly 150 years to ………

4. Exclusive Heat Transfer Process
Only heat transfer ….. No other actions.
Constant Volume Heat Addition using a control mass or
Constant Pressure Heat Addition using a control volume.
How to select thermodynamic parameters for heat transfer process??
Should help in converting maximum potential of resource into Mechanical Power.

5. Ideal Compressible Flow Turbine : Isentropic Process :se=si
No heat transfer. Change in kinetic and potential energies are negligible
Assuming a single fluid entering and leaving…

6. Development of Working Equation for an Ideal Compressible Flow Turbine
Theoretical Equation for any thermodynamic process:
A large change in pressure of the fluid is essential to convert maximum enthalpy of working fluid into mechanical power.
The pressure of the entering working fluid at inlet must be higher than that of exiting fluid.
Any other requirement ??????

7. Thermo-economics of Resource Utilization
Any state of working fluid which can exhibit a large change volume for a given change in in pressure will enhance the process of power generation.
The thermo-economics can combine these two characteristics into a single …..

8. Constant Pressure Heat Addition : Expenditure Vs ReturnsDT Dh
Liquid
Liquid +Vapour
Vapour

9. Steam Vs Gas as Working Fluid

10. The Rankine/Brayton Cycle : Quantification of Energy Transactions

11. The Rankine/Brayton Cycle : Quantification of Energy Transactions