1. Gateway to American Government Chapter 8
Gateway to American Government Chapter 8. The Rule of Law ESOL Strategies January 20th, 2017 Presenter: Lourdes Pintado

2. Benchmark
SS.7.C.3.10: Identify sources and types (civil, criminal, constitutional, military) of law.

3. ESOL Strategies Overview
Wordstorming to Anticipate Content
Words Beyond Definitions
Types of Context Clues
How to Make Wh-Questions
Beyond Definitions
Concept/Term
Usual Context
(often/always)
Unusual Context
(Rarely/Never)
Belongs to this family of words…
I would probably use this word if/when…

4. Strategy 1 Wordstorming to Anticipate Content
Have students read the title of Chapter 8. The Rule of Law. Allow students to predict words that fit content and then add them to graphic organizer.
Read Chapter 8.
Add additional vocabulary words to wordstorming graphic organizer as students and teacher discuss contents of material.
Lastly, review predictions and questions in order to determine if predictions were correct, if questions were answered, and to inherit new information about the content. 

5. Strategy 1 Wordstorming to Anticipate Content

6. Check How You Did

7. Strategy 2 Words Beyond Definitions
Concept/Term
Usual Context
(often/always)
Unusual Context
(Rarely/Never)
Belongs to this family of words…
I would probably use this word if/when…

8. Strategy 2 Words Beyond Definitions Check How You Did
Concept/Term
civil law 
Usual Context
(often/always)
Newspaper Article, Twitter,
Radio Interview
Unusual Context
(Rarely/Never)
Recipe Book;
NASA article about the Solar System; NFL report
Belongs to this family of words…
Civilian
Civilized
I would probably use this word if/when…
I were talking about an incident in which a person sues another person for damages to his property.

9. Strategy 3 Context Clues
Types of Context Clues
Signal Words/Marks
Examples
1. Definition/Explanation: The author actually defines the word or explains it in the same sentence in which the word appears.
this is
these are
known as
also called
defined as
which means
Then the court sets bail. This is an amount to be paid by the defendant to ensure that he or she will appear at trial.
2. Restatement/Synonym: The author restates the meaning of the word or uses a synonym.
for example – for instance
especially
such as
in that
likewise
these or
similarly
The lawyers may also bring in qualified expert witnesses, such as doctors or professors, who give their opinions on what the evidence shows.
3. Contrast/Antonym:
The author explains the meaning of the word by providing you with an antonym.
by contrast
but
however
although
still
not
despite
some…,but others
on the other hand
I thought it was a fresh idea, but the teacher thought it was trite. (common)
4. Inference/General Context: The author expects you to infer/guess what the word means by deciding how it is related to other information in the text.
no signal word
When a crime is first reported to the police, the police conduct an investigation. They may obtain a search warrant from a judge to search places they have good reasons to believe may provide important evidence. They will interview witnesses and possible suspects.
5. Punctuation Mark:
The author uses punctuation marks to indicate that what comes next is the definition of the word
Colon [:]
Parenthesis ( )
Dash [-]
The jury next goes into the jury room, where they discuss the case privately among themselves. Eventually, they reach a verdict (decision or judgment in a court case).

10. Strategy 3 Context Clues

11. Strategy 3 Context Clues Check Your Answers

12. Strategy 4 How to Make Wh-questions
Wh-questions with an auxiliary verb
Wh-questions without an auxiliary verb
wh- + an auxiliary verb (be, do or have) + subject + main verb
e.g. When are you leaving?
wh- + a modal verb + subject + main verb
e.g. Why did you call me?
wh- + subject + verb
e.g. Which horse won the race?
e.g. Who was absent last week?

13. Strategy 4 How to Make Wh-Questions

14. Change these statements to Wh- questions. Follow the example.
Example: This is a type of civil lawsuit.
What type of lawsuit is this?
There are three levels of courts in the Florida court system.
The Twelve Tables were significant because they established written laws for the entire community.
Laws are enforced in courts.
Americans must obey both federal and state laws.
Only a grand jury can charge someone with murder.

15. Strategy 4 How to Make Wh-Questions
Chapter 8. The Rule of Law – page 161 Name___________________________ Make a question relating to each of the following clusters of terms and phrases:
Civil law
Criminal law
Constitutional law
Military law
Statutory law
Common law
State law
Federal law
What are the different types of American laws?
What do all types of American laws have in common?
How can you identify the different types of American laws?
Which type of law is used to help solve disputes between people or organizations?
What is the difference between a Military law and a Federal law?

16. Thank
You