1. IPAM Brazil: Marcelo C. C. Stabile GIZ Brazil: Bettina Kupper
Protection and sustainable use of tropical forests need land tenure regularization – Evidence from Brazil
Terra Legal Brazil: José Dumont Teixeira, Ana Paula Ferreira De Carvalho, Robson Disarz
IPAM Brazil: Marcelo C. C. Stabile
GIZ Brazil: Bettina Kupper
Presented at the
“2017 WORLD BANK CONFERENCE ON LAND AND POVERTY”
The World Bank - Washington DC, March 20-24, 2017

2. Table of contents Context: Terra Legal Program Deforestation dynamics
Impact analysis: Preliminary findings
Conclusions and next steps

3. How does the regularization of rural properties located in federal public land contribute to reducing deforestation in the Amazon region

4. Context: Terra Legal Program
Created in 2009 to regularize occupations of up 1,500 ha situated in public federal lands in Amazônia
Conditions:
Peaceful occupation and proven effective use prior to December 2004
Brazilian citizenship
Compliance with conservation obligations

5. Amazonia Legal – challenge of scale
ADD COUNTRY COMPARISON!
Amazonia: hectares ~ European Union ( hectares) + Ukraine ( hectares) + East Timor ( hectares).

6. Amazonia Legal – challenge of scale
ADD COUNTRY COMPARISON!
Federal lands: hectares ~ Colombia ( hectares) + Togo ( hectares) + Aland Island ( hectares)

7. Amazonia Legal – challenge of scale
ADD COUNTRY COMPARISON!
Scope of Terra Legal: hectares ~ France ( hectares)+ Republic of Fiji ( hectares)

8. Amazonia Legal – challenge of scale
ADD COUNTRY COMPARISON!
Remaining in dark green: hectares ~ Norway ( hectares)
Assigned lands: hectares ~ Cambodia ( hectares)

9. Changing paradigm of land tenure regularization
UN Conference in Rio on Environment and Development
Revision of legal framework
Colonization under Portuguese crown: Division of land into Capitanias/ Sesmarias
Charta of Land Estatuto da Terra
Expropriation of uncultivated land
Law / Terra Legal - Proven utilization & governance dialogue
PNRA/ Constitution
1534
1850
1964
1970
1989
1992
2004
2009
2012
2017
Occupation in the 70ties
Deforestation dynamics
Migration process
Lack of infrastructure
Lack of public policies
Law of Lands Lei de Terras:
Registration of cultivated land
PPCDAm -
launch of the national strategy to combat deforestation
New Forest Law CAR – Environmental Registry
Colonization under Military Regime: Promotion of economic development along trans-amazonian highways
Preparation of VGGT/ FAO - Intergovernmental consultations

10. Deforestation dynamics in the Amazon
1.8 km2/h
Considering:
12h work/day
Project for Monitoring Deforestation in the Legal Amazon – PRODES (Source: INPE/ MCTI 2016)

11. Impact analysis: Preliminary findings
Who benefits from Terra Legal?
Number of Terra Legal plots
95% of plots are small and occupy 32% of the area
5% of plots are medium and occupy 68% of the area
Plot size (in hectares)

12. What´s the impact on deforestation?
Statistical Analysis
Preliminary results
Overall
Significant difference
Average deforestation rates (in 100 ha)
Significant diffence in all years but 2011
Year

13. What´s the impact on deforestation by size class?
Smallholder plots – up to 400 hectares
Medium sized plots – up to hectares
Average deforestation rates (in 100 ha)
Average deforestation rates (in 100 ha)
Statistical difference in all years for Smallholders
For medium land holdings significant difference in 2011 and 2012
Year
Year

14. Conclusion
Land tenure regularization by Terra Legal alone does not ensure deforestation reduction! It requires the integration with other public policies.
Need for integration of land administration systems based on geospatial data.
Brazilian Government, the states, notaries and registries, science and civil society need to join forces to continue the governance dialogue initiated with the “Carta de Palmas”.

15. Next steps
Expand analysis (qualitative and quantitative) with field research
Analysis of assets and liabilities related to the legal environmental obligations in Terra Legal plots

16. Thank you!
Contacts:
Terra Legal Brazil: José Dumont Teixeira:
IPAM Brazil: Marcelo C. C. Stabile, PhD:
GIZ Brazil: Bettina Kupper: