1. Ch. 9 Heat and States of Matter!
Ch. 9 Sections 1-2

2. Temperature= measure of the average kinetic energy of its particles
But what is kinetic energy?
Kinetic energy= particles in matter are moving at different speeds in all directions; anything in motion has kinetic energy
Temperature

4. Thermal energy= the sum of the kinetic and potential energies

5. The kinetic energy increases as molecules move faster
The potential energy increases as the moleculs move farther apart
Think about this…

6. Heat= thermal energy that flows from something at a higer temperature to something at a lower temperature
*Heat always flows from a warm material to a cool mateiral
Heat

7. Ice cream!

8. Example…how does ice cream become cold???
Thermal energy flows from warmer liquid ingredients to the cooler ice and salt mixture. The energy lost became cold enough to freeze and the ice and salt absorbed thermal energy causing some of the ice to melt.
Example…how does ice cream become cold???

9. Ch. 9 Sec. 2: States of Matter
Solid, Liquid, Gas, Plasma!
Ch. 9 Sec. 2: States of Matter

10. Solids Particles are packed closely together and vibrate in place.
Fixed volume and shape.
Solids

11. Liquids Particles slide past each other
Takes the shape of their container
Partile forces are weaker than a solid but stronger than a gas
Have definite voluem but no definite shape (since they take the shape of their container)
Liquids

12. Gas Particles farther apart Attractive force are weak
No definite shape or volume
Gas

13. Plasma Matter consisting of positive and gatively charged particles
No shape or volume
Results from collisions between particles moving at high speeds
Examples= stars, lightning bolt, neon and fluorescent tubes, auroras
Plasma

14. Changing states of matter
Matter can change from one state to another by melting, freezing, boiling, vaporizing, condensing, etc.
For example, freezing is when a _________ goes to a _____________.
Changing states of matter

15. Melting When a ________ goes to a _________. Ice water
As temperature increases, particles move faster (since they’re getting farther apart).
Energy (heat) is required for particles to slip out of the solid arrangment to a weaker, liquid arrangment.
Melting

16. Boiling Only associated with liquids
Boiling point= temperature at which the pressure of the vapor in the liquid is equal to the external pressure acting on its surface
This is a kind of VAPORIZATION changing liquid to gas
This is why if you leave water boiling too long, you will have no water left 
Boiling