1. History of ISRO Indian Space Research Organisation
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History of ISRO
Indian Space Research Organisation
Slide Presentation Compiled by:
Dr. Kishor R. Kolhe
–MITCOE-Pune
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2. The History of ISRO (Indian Space Research Organisation)

3. A Brief History
ISRO was established in the year 1969 to focus the talent of Indian researchers into advancing the space program
There were several fledgling projects that formed the base for setting up the ISRO like the INCOSPAR (Indian Committee for Space Research) guided by Prof Sarabhai and the Tata Institute of Fundamental research (TIFR) and the Rohini Sounding Rocket (RSR) program
The success of the fledgling projects laid the cornerstone and foundation for the formation of the ISRO in 1969

4. A Brief History
Initially, there were trying times with the Indian government being unable to focus on solely on expanding the space project
The ISRO however did manage to get active support from the government when the Indian government started a Space Commission and handed over the running of the entire space program to the Department of Space (DoS) in 1972
ISRO came under the DoS management on 1st June It is the primary research and development body of the DoS.

5. A Brief History
During the initial stages of the formation of ISRO, the socio-political conditions from hostile neighbors and the prevailing economic conditions during , forced India to initiate its own launch vehicle programs
It successfully developed rocket programs and by 1980, the first Satelite launch vehicle SLV was created
The Indian space research program set a precedent for the space community in 2008 when it became the first country to launch ten satellites on a single rocket in the year 2008

6. Vision
Harness space technology for national development, while pursuing space science research and planetary exploration.
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7. Mission
Design and development of launch vehicles and related technologies for providing access to space.
Design and development of satellites and related technologies for earth observation, communication, navigation, meteorology and space science.
Indian National Satellite (INSAT) programme for meeting telecommunication, television broadcasting and developmental applications.
Indian Remote Sensing Satellite (IRS) programme for management of natural resources and monitoring of environment using space based imagery.
Space based Applications for Societal development.
Research and Development in space science and planetary exploration.
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8. End- to- end capability
Four Decades of Indian Space Programme
BUDGET
~ USD 1 billion
( )
HUMAN RESOURCES
16500 strong
INFRASTRUCTURE
End- to- end capability
SELF RELIANCE & STATE OF THE ART
TECHNOLOGY
INDUSTRY
APPLICATIONS
LEADERSHIP
INTERNATIONAL
COOPERATION
LARGE USER BASE
SPACE COMMERCE
29LV Missions 54
+ 22 S/C Missions
“………we must be second to none in the applications of advanced technologies to the real problems of man and society.”
Credit: Images from:

9. The present chairman of ISRO, Dr. K
The present chairman of ISRO, Dr. K. Radhakrishnan is brilliantly leading the organisation and hopes to see a more enthusiastic younger generation to come up and work with this esteemed organisation, of which he is very proud of.

10. India’s first Satellite..
India launched it’s first satellite Aryabhata in 1975 from
Kapustin Yar.
Named after the great Indian astronomer of the same name.
Aryabhata was built to conduct X ray astronomy, aeronomics, and
solar physics.

11. Organization structure and facilities
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12. Launch vehicle fleet
Comparison of Indian carrier rockets. Left to right: SLV, ASLV, PSLV, GSLV, GSLV Mk.III

13. Satellite Launch Vehicle (SLV)
Usually known by its abbreviation SLV or SLV-3 was a 4-stage solid-fuel light launcher.
It was intended to reach a height of 500 km and carry a payload of 40 kg.
Its first launch took place in 1979 with 2 more in each subsequent year, and the final launch in 1983.
Only two of its four test flights were successful

14. Augmented Satellite Launch Vehicle (ASLV)
Usually known by its abbreviation ASLV was a 5-stage solid propellant rocket with the capability of placing a 150 kg satellite into LEO.
This project was started by the ISRO during the early 1980s to develop technologies needed for a payload to be placed into a geostationary orbit.
Its design was based on Satellite Launch Vehicle.
The first launch test was held in 1987
3 others followed in 1988, 1992 and 1994, out of which only 2 were successful, before it was decommissioned

15. Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV)
Usually known by its abbreviation PSLV
Expendable launch system developed to allow India to launch its Indian Remote Sensing (IRS) satellites into sun synchronous orbits
PSLV can also launch small satellites into geostationary transfer orbit (GTO).
The reliability and versatility of the PSLV is proven by the fact that it has launched 30 spacecraft (14 Indian and 16 from other countries) into a variety of orbits so far.
In April 2008, it successfully launched 10 satellites at once, breaking a world record held by Russia.

17. Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV)
Usually known by its abbreviation GSLV
Expendable launch system developed to enable India to launch its INSAT-type satellites into geostationary orbit and to make India less dependent on foreign rockets.
It is ISRO's heaviest satellite launch vehicle and is capable of putting a total payload of up to 5 tons to Low Earth Orbit.
The vehicle is built by India with the cryogenic engine purchased from Russia

19. Satellite Programs
India's first satellite, the Aryabhata, was launched by the Soviet Union on 19 April 1975 from Kapustin Yar using a Cosmos-3M launch vehicle.
The INSAT series
The IRS series
Radar Imaging Satellites
GAGAN satellite navigation system
IRNSS satellite navigation system

23. Applications Telecommunication Resource management Military Academic
Telemedicine
Biodiversity Information System
Cartography

24. References and Credits

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