1. SPE-177377- MS Experience of Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery Methods
At Azerbaijan Fields
Ibrahimov Kh.M., Abdullayeva F.Y., Guseynova N.I.
(«Oil Gas Scientific Research Project» Institute, SOCAR)

2. Scheme of Microbial EOR (MEOR)

3. Nutrients are injected into the formation from the surface
Microorganism cultures and nutrients are pumped into the formation from the surface
Nutrients are injected
into the formation from the surface
Oil- sweeping agents are formed direct in the reservoir during injection of nutrients - molasses, whey and other industrial wastes
Microorganisms waste products are formed on the surface of industrial plants. Surfactants, biopolymers, emulsifiers, when added to water improve its displacing properties
Technology for microbial stimulation of  hard-to-recover reserves 

4. Structure of EOR within biotechnological methods
Biotechnology methods 
biopolymers
polymer flooding
oil-sweeping
acids
Tertiary methods
acid treatment
surfactant flooding
micellar flood
alcohols
biosurfactants
CO2 , CH4 , H2 , N2
displacementby 
CO2 and other gase

5. The basic aspects of Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery (MEOR)
Bioreagents are injected into the formation
Petroleum and bioreagents oxidation (formation of displacement agents:acids (amino acid, acetic acid and hydroxy propionic acid), alcohols (amyl, butyl,ethyl) bioSAA (emulsan), polysaccharides (xanthan), formation of CO2)
Aerobic microbiological process
Thickening of displace water by microorganisms
Selective blockage of high permeability formations
Anaerobic microbiological process
Nitrate reduction: : 2NO CH3COOH- → N2 +5CO2 + 5H2 + 6OH-
Carbonate reduction : 4H2 + CO2 → CH4 + 2H2O
Sulphate reduction: 8[H] + SO42- → H2S + 2H2O + 2OH
Pore clogging  by bio formations and FeS :
4Fe2+ + H2S + 2OH- + 4H2O → FeS↓ + 3Fe(OH)2 + 6H
The basic aspects of Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery (MEOR)

6. Reagents used for biological stimulation
Activated sludge
total number of microorganisms
108 – 1012 cells / ml
Milk whey, number of components per g / 100g
lactose
3,8 - 4
proteins
0,75 – 1,1
fats
0,02 – 0,4
mineral salts
0,52 – 0,6
C12H22O O2 → 12CO2 + 11H2O
Molasses, number of components per g/100g
saccharose
51,0
other organic substances
19,0
nitrogen
1,5
ammonium salts
2,63
amino acids
30,91
betaine and protein
64,84
C6H12О6  2CО2 + 2C2H5ОH (ethanol)

7. Amount of generated biogas cm3
Creating biocompositions:
gas generation in biosystems
Days AS
AS+M
+50%MW
+50%М
5%М
10%М
15%М
Amount of generated biogas cm3 5
120
500
1200
170
340 10
320
2400
430
1054
2500 15 -
1900
3300
1500
3000
Structure of biosystems: 40 cm3 of oil, 200 cm3 of water and 150 cm3 of bioreagent

8. Application of MEOR on the onshore fields of Azerbaijan

9. Economic performance of MEOR implemented by "Azneft"PU
(as of )
OGPD,
number of stimulation
objects
The amount of injected culture liquid, t
Amount of producer wells under stimulation
Total oil production due to technology, t
Specific technological effect, t/t
milk whey
activated sludge
molasses
For all objects
17077,8
7948
243,5
338
169296,0
6,7
“Binagadineft” (5)
9312
3666 -
142
87037
“Balakhanineft” (3)
1176
538 24
11277
6,6
“Surakhanineft” (1)
2409 17
34141
14,2
“Bibiheybatneft” (3)
1547,2
1092
165,5 56
23438,5
8,4
Named after A.D.Amirov (4)
2188,4
2302 48 52
8023
1,8
Named after G.Z.Tagiyev (1)
166
200 7
3047
8,1
“Absheronneft” (2)
279,2
150 30 39
2332,5
5,1 9

10. Criteria for effective application
GEOLOGICAL AND PHYSICAL (properties of reservoir fluids, depth and thickness of the oil-saturated reservoir), the parameters and characteristics of oil-containing reservoir (reservoir fluid saturated pore space, mode of occurance, etc.);
TECHNOLOGICAL (fringe size, the concentration of agent in the solution, well spacing, injection pressure, etc.);
MATERIAL AND TECHNICAL (availability of equipment, nutrient substrates and microorganisms, etc.). 10

11. Application of MEOR in field "Bibiheybat"
Horizon,
targeted
object
Year of stimulation start-up
Water cut %
Injected composition
Wells exposed to stimulation
V (1)
1998 91
MW + AS 20
V (2)
2003 89 MW 31 X
2006 85
AS + M 9
Properties of the 1st object at the V horizon
Location
Plottage, ha
Depth, m
Net productive zone, m
Formation pressure, MPa
Oil saturation, %
Actual
oil production,%
Northwest 60
550 37
1,2 51
40,7

12. 1220 t MW and 288 t AS injected into the field
Dynamics of bioreagents injection into reservoirs V horizon field "Bibiheybat"
The volume injected bioreagents, m3
years
1220 t MW and 288 t AS injected into the field

13. Response to biostimulation
Well
The distance
to injection well, m
Stimulation response start-up
Flow rate increase
approximate
2419
200
2-2,5 months
1,36
2137
107,5
1,92
2416
225
followed all injections
1,54
long-distance
2188
835
2,0
2821
775
Summary:
-production rate increase in 11 of 17 wells (65% success)
-Increased flow rates -1,18 times on average
-incremental oil 43,6%

14. The dynamics of oil production rates from V (1) horizon
bioreagents injection

15. Distribution growth by years of oil exposure

16. Application of MEOR in Pirallahi field
Performance
Values
average bedding depth , m
270
effective formation thickness, m
15,4
formation pressure, MPa
1,5
oil saturation, % 74
reservoir porosity, % 24
in-place permeability, mcm2
0,025-0,075
temperature, oС 21
Horizont
Year of stimulation start-up
Water cut, %
Injected
Wells exposed to stimulation
Actual oil production%
upper KS
2009 69
MW~200t 32 39

17. Distribution of oil flow rates of at the pilot area Pirallahi
1683 tons of incremental oil produced within

18. module filtration rate
Map of the distribution functions of filtration in the experimental part of the deposit Pirallahi (Horizon SWR)
equipotential lines
current lines
module filtration rate

19. Map of the distribution function of a complex building lines on the experimental plot Pirallahi field (horizon KS)
in the cartesian coordinate system
in the polar coordinate system

20. Map of the distribution of the gradients of potential and current function on the experimental plot Pirallahi field (horizon SWR)
potential
current

21. The distribution of oil flow borehole №№ 944 and 931 in time for the experimental part of the deposit Pirallahi

22. Thank You for attention!
Slide 22
Thank You for attention!