1. Today’s goals Introduce vocabulary for figurative language
Practice composing figurative language

2. Class discussion- figurative language
What is figurative language?
Can you think of examples of figurative language or idoms in English? In your native language?
How does using figurative language affect our writing?
When is it appropriate to use figurative language? When is it not?

3. Figurative Language Vocabulary
Figurative language: language that uses words or expressions with a meaning that is different from the literal interpretation.
Types:
Metonymy
Metaphor
Simile
Hyperbole
Understatement
Pathetic Fallacy/Personification

4. Metonymy
Definition: use of a word or phrase to stand for another word. This new word is chosen for its association with the word or concept.
Examples:
“The pen is mightier than the sword”
“The White House will announce its budget plans today”
“Lend me your ears”
The teenagers split when the law showed up

5. Metaphor & Simile
Metaphor: a term or phrase used to describe something to which it is not literally applicable. A symbol used to represent something else
Simile: comparison of two unlike things that are directly compared. A metaphor that uses “like” or “as”
Metaphor Examples:
He drowned in a sea of grief
She had a broken heart
The date was an emotional rollercoaster
Simile Examples:
He ran like a cheetah
She was as busy as a bee
“My love is like a red, red rose”

6. Hyperbole & Understatement
Hyperbole: obvious and intentional exaggeration that should not be taken literally
Understatement: Purposefully downplaying or under-representing something for rhetorical effect, causing a contrast between description and reality.
Hyperbole Examples:
He was driving so fast I thought we would break the sound barrier
I told you a million times to stop that!
I’m so hungry I could eat a horse
Understatement Examples:
I wouldn’t say he was thin (when describing an obese person)
I might have eaten one of the cookies (after devouring a whole box)
I know a little about math (said by famous mathematician)

7. Pathetic Fallacy/Personification
Definition: attribution of human characteristics to belong to animals , inanimate objects, or phenomena
Examples:
“I miss you like the deserts miss the rain”
Opportunity is knocking at your door
“The stars danced playfully in the moonlit sky”
The storm howled angrily outside

8. Group Activity: Generating Figurative Language
In your unit 1 groups
Come up with 2-3 examples each of metaphor, simile, hyperbole, understatement, and pathetic fallacy/personfication
These examples can be a sentence or two long if it is necessary to add a context
Please do this assignment on a separate sheet from Group Activity 1

9. Group activity: figurative language in narrative
Select one setting or one character from each student’s WTR draft
For each character or setting, create one descriptive sentence that uses figurative language
You should produce one sentence per student that adds to the writer’s desired dominant impression

10. Homework:
Find a sample of open form prose writing (narrative, poetry, etc.) that has one or more examples of figurative language. Your sample should be 1+ pages and brought to class on Wednesday
WTR– 2nd Draft
750+ words
Should use concrete language and figurative language to describe at least two characters and settings
Should work through the first two stages of reflection
MLA format
Printed and brought to class