1. The Pilgrims: Separating Fact from Fiction

2. Religious Problems in England
1530 King Henry VIII “protested” against the Roman Catholic Church (RCC)
Established the Church of England
1553 Queen Mary I abolished the Church of England
Returned England to the RCC
1559 Queen Elizabeth I reinstituted the Church of England…a protestant church

3. Puritan Problems in England
Some people in England felt the Church of England was too much like the Roman Catholic Church
They began to protest and worship separately
people who wanted to clean up or “purify” the Church of England were called “Puritans”

4. Puritan Problems in England
Queen Elizabeth I passed laws against Puritans (jail time, fines, etc.)
King James I passed more laws against Puritans (jail time, fines, etc.)
Ordered new translation of the bible (in English) known as the King James Version

5. Puritans Leave England
1608 some Puritans decided to leave England (to avoid persecution)
They were called “Separatists”
They moved to Leiden, Holland
Holland was “Protestant” (anti-RCC)
King of Holland allowed the English Puritan Separatists to worship their own way (Religious Tolerance)

6. Puritans Leave Holland
English Puritan Separatists stayed in Holland about 12 years
They watched their kids grow up like Dutch kids (clothing, games, language, etc.)
They were afraid of losing their English culture and language
1617 these Puritan Separatists began looking for new land in the New World

7. Puritans Sail for America
Separatists made two business deals to get to America:
They hired a fishing ship, “Speedwell, ” to move some Puritans from Holland to VA

8. Puritans Sail for America
Separatists made two business deals to get to America:
They contracted w/ London-based “Merchant Adventurers” to use “Mayflower” for move to VA
These Puritans had to work for Merchant Adventurers to pay off their travel debts

9. Delayed Departure
Mayflower and Speedwell were supposed to leave in July
Speedwell had too much sail, caused excessive leaking…never made the trip
Bad weather delayed departure of the Mayflower until September
102 passengers plus 26 crew onboard
41 “Pilgrims” and 61 “Strangers”

10. Crossing the Atlantic Ship was overcrowded
Passengers stayed on Main Deck
by September , food was rotting and running low

11. Crossing the Atlantic Mayflower encountered several bad storms
Most passengers were very seasick

12. Crossing the Atlantic Elizabeth Hopkins gave birth to a baby boy
She named the baby “Oceanus”

13. Crossing the Atlantic John Howland went on deck for fresh air
He was tossed overboard
He grabbed a rope and was hauled back on board

14. Crossing the Atlantic
November, Mayflower arrived off Cape Cod, MA
Tried to sail south to Virginia
Captain decided to stay near Massachusetts

15. Deciding Where to Land
Pilgrims and Strangers spent one month exploring for the best possible place to land
They choose a small, sheltered, deep-water bay
They named it Plymouth

16. Before Disembarking…
Pilgrims and Strangers wrote a list of rules for the new colony
41 men signed it
Document is called the “Mayflower Compact”
first document in America’s “democratic” history of self-government

17. “All Ashore!” Colonists “landed” on Dec 16, 1620
They built 7 houses that winter
April, 1621
Mayflower returned to England
50 colonists were already dead

18. The Pilgrims: Separating Fact from Fiction