1. Oracle 10g Database Engine New Features
23. October 2003
OUGF Seminar Autumn 2003
Oracle 10g Database Engine New Features
Tanel Poder
independent technology consultant
06-Nov-03
OUGF 2003

2. Agenda What’s behind the 10g buzzwords Manageability enhancements
Performance tuning enhancements
New export-import tool Data Pump
Parameters, views
SQL and PL/SQL
Recovery and Flashback
Wrap-up
Questions
OUGF 2003

3. Simplicity vs Flexibility
Automatic statistics gathering
Advisories
Automatic tuning
Less than 30 basic (init.ora) parameters
Basic, advanced, hidden parameters
Easier operations
alter tablespace rename
“undrop” table
etc..
OUGF 2003

4. Manageability SGA_TARGET PGA_AGGREGATE_TARGET
Sets total size for all SGA components
Buffer Cache, Shared Pool, Large Pool, Java Pool
Dynamically and automatically adjustable
PGA_AGGREGATE_TARGET
Available since 9i
Sets total size for all server processes
sort_area_size, sort_area_retained_size, hash_area_size, bitmap_merge_area_size
Contents automatically managed
OUGF 2003

5. Basic Parameters COMPATIBLE CONTROL_FILES DB_BLOCK_SIZE
DB_CREATE_FILE_DEST
DB_CREATE_ONLINE_LOG_DEST
DB_DOMAIN
DB_NAME
DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST_SIZE
INSTANCE_NUMBER
JOB_QUEUE_PROCESSES
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_n
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_n
NLS_LANGUAGE
NLS_TERRITORY
OPEN_CURSORS
PROCESSES
REMOTE_LISTENER
REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE
ROLLBACK_SEGMENTS
SESSIONS
SHARED_SERVERS
STAR_TRANSFORMATION_ENABLED
UNDO_MANAGEMENT
UNDO_TABLESPACE
OUGF 2003

6. Manageability SYSAUX tablespace for system utilities SYSAUX Module
SYS objects
SYSTEM
Oracle Data Mining
ODM
OEM Repository
OEM_REPOSITORY
Oracle OLAP
CWMLITE
Oracle interMedia
Oracle Spatial
Oracle Ultra Search
DRSYS
RMAN Recovery Catalog
TOOLS
Sample Schemas
Example
Workspace Manager
Oracle XML DB
XDB_RESINFO
Workload Repository
New in 10g
SYSAUX
OUGF 2003

7. Online Rebuilds Some functionality since already in 8i, 9i
Online index build, rebuild
Online index organized table rebuild
Analyze/validate structure online
Online table redefinition
dbms_redefinition package in 9i
change table physical structure online
allows adding, changing, removing columns online
Enhanced in 10g
OUGF 2003

8. Online Segment Shrink Can be recommended by Segment Advisor
alter table enable row movement;
alter table t1 shrink space cascade;
TABLE HEADER
High Water Mark
Free Space
TABLE HEADER
High Water Mark
Free Space
OUGF 2003

9. Rename Tablespace Useful in Transportable Tablespace scenarios
ALTER TABLESPACE user RENAME to u1;
Can’t rename SYSTEM or SYSAUX
Tablespace and all datafiles must be online
Can also rename READ ONLY tablespaces
PROD
ARCHIVE
OUGF 2003

10. Tablespaces and Groups
Huge tablespaces could be separated for maintenance (backup&recovery) reasons
Users still have single point for storing data
CREATE TABLESPACE TS DATAFILE ‘xx’ SIZE 1M TABLESPACE GROUP G1;
ALTER TABLESPACE NEWTS TABLESPACE GROUP G1;
ALTER TABLESPACE NEWTS TABLESPACE GROUP ‘’;
CREATE TABLE T(…) TABLESPACE G1;
OUGF 2003

11. Bigfile Tablespaces Support for sizes up to 8 Exabytes!
Terabytes
Max files in database
SYSTEM & SYSAUX can’t be bigfile tablespaces
CREATE BIGFILE TABLESPACE bigtbs DATAFILE '/u02/oracle/data/bigtbs01.dbf‘ SIZE 50G EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO;
bytes
OUGF 2003

12. Crossplatform Transportable TS
RMAN> CONVERT TABLESPACE sales_1,sales_2
2> TO PLATFORM ’Microsoft Windows NT’
3> FORMAT ’/temp/%U’;
...
Transporting Tablespaces Between Databases
input datafile fno=00004 name=/u01/oracle/oradata/salesdb/sales_101.dbf
converted datafile=/temp/data_D-10_I _TS-EXAMPLE_FNO-4_06ek24vl
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile conversion complete, elapsed time: 00:00:45
OUGF 2003

13. Data Pump A server-managed data transportation tool
Direct load/extract capabilities
Very high performance/efficient with large data sets
Replacement for exp/imp
old exp/imp remain supported
Data Pump Client
Data Pump Client
Data Warehouse
PROD
Data Pump
Data Pump
OUGF 2003

14. Data Pump Commands expdp/impdp
Can use files or direct network transfer
Dynamic configuration, resumable operations
Client can detach and reconnect
Can be parallelized using PARALLEL
Even loads to/from external text files
Monitored through DBA_DATAPUMP_JOBS
OUGF 2003

15. Data Pump Options Fine-Grained Object Selection
exclude=function
exclude=procedure
exclude=package:”like ‘PAYROLL%’ ”
include=table
content=metadata_only | data_only | both
query=“modify_date > sysdate-1”
DDL Transformations, DDL extract
table_exists_action
skip, append, truncate, replace
OUGF 2003

16. FlashBack Database Flash Recovery Area must be configured
Flashback logs are stored there
Consisting of old database block images
Fast “rollback” of database, no redologs required
Server Process
Server Process
Server Process DB
Flashback Log
OUGF 2003

17. FlashBack Database Configuration parameters: DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST_SIZE
DB_FLASHBACK_RETENTION_TARGET
Commands:
ALTER DATABASE FLASHBACK ON;
ALTER DATABASE FLASHBACK OFF;
ALTER TABLESPACE test1 FLASHBACK OFF;
ALTER TABLESPACE test1 FLASHBACK ON;
OUGF 2003

18. FlashBack Options Flashback Query:
exec dbms_flashback.enable_at_time(…);
select * from table;
exec dbms_flashback.disable;
select * from table AS OF timestamp ‘…’;
Flashback Table:
FLASHBACK TABLE t1 TO SCN 12345;
FLASHBACK TABLE t1 TO TIMESTAMP ' :05:00';
OUGF 2003

19. Flashback Row History Useful for auditing
SELECT versions_xid XID, versions_startscn START_SCN,
versions_endscn END_SCN, versions_operation OPERATION,
empname, salary FROM hr.employees_demo
VERSIONS BETWEEN SCN MINVALUE AND MAXVALUE
where empno = 111;
XID START_SCN END_SCN OPERATION EMPNAME SALARY
I Tom 927
D D Mike 555
E I Mike 555
3 rows selected
Useful for auditing
OUGF 2003

20. Flashback Transaction History
select xid, start_scn, commit_scn, operation, undo_sql, table_name
from dba_transaction_query where xid = ’ D’;
XID START_SCN COMMIT_SCN OPERATION UNDO_SQL
D D insert into "SCOTT"."EMP"
("EMPNO","EMPNAME","SALARY") values ('111','Mike','655')
D I delete from "SCOTT"."DEPT"
where "DEPTNO" = '20' and "DEPTNAME" = 'Finance'
D D update “SCOTT”.”EMP”
set “SALARY” = ‘555’ where “EMPNO” = ‘111’ and ”EMPNAME” = ‘Mike’ and “SALARY”
= ‘655’
3 rows selected
OUGF 2003

21. Table Recovery using Flashback
DROP TABLE X;
Table is renamed, not dropped
Indexes & other structures remain
SELECT * FROM RECYCLEBIN;
Systemwide recyclebin DBA_RECYCLEBIN
Or show recyclebin command in sqlplus
FLASHBACK TABLE RB$$3560$TABLE$1 TO BEFORE DROP RENAME TO scott.emp;
PURGE RECYCLEBIN;
DROP TABLE X PURGE;
OUGF 2003

22. Performance Tuning RBO is dead, long live the CBO!
Even data dictionary, SYS tables under CBO
Optimizer able to use run-time statistics
exec dbms_stats.gather_system_statistics(…)
OPTIMIZER_DYNAMIC_SAMPLING
Multiple Advisors
SQL Access & Tuning Advisor
Memory Advisors (SGA, Shared Pool, etc..)
Segment Advisor (Fragmentation, etc..)
Undo Advisor
OUGF 2003

23. Advisor Information DBA_ADVISOR_FINDINGS DBA_ADVISOR_RECOMMENDATIONS
DBA_ADVISOR_RATIONALE
And many more…
All the information is accessible through DBA_ and V$ data dictionary views
The reasons and rationale behind recommendations can be seen
OUGF 2003

24. Performance Troubleshooting
Automatic Workload Repository
MMON background process flushes stats to disk
V$SQL_BIND_CAPTURE
Captures bind variables for all sessions
Faster that sql_trace (10046 trace on level 4)
Event, P1, P2, P3 columns in V$SESSION for quick diagnosis
the same information that in V$SESSION_WAIT
trcsess tool for gathering sessions SQL from in shared server environment
OUGF 2003

25. Improved Timing and Statistics
Old methods
V$SESSION_EVENT, V$SYSTEM_EVENT
V$SYSSTAT, V$SESSTAT, V$FILESTAT,
Contained cumulative information since startup
New opportunities
V$EVENTMETRIC, V$SESSMETRIC, V$SYSMETRIC, V$FILEMETRIC
V$SYSMETRIC_HISTORY, V$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
Contain same statistics, but sampled over interval, also history views
OUGF 2003

26. SQLPLUS Changes Improvements SPOOL CREATE | REPLACE | APPEND
SHOW RECYCLE BIN
SQLPROMPT runtime variable substitution
glogin.sql and login.sql scripts are executed also on CONNECT
Deimprovements
No graphical sqlplusw.exe in Windows
COPY command deprecated
OUGF 2003

27. Other dbms_scheduler alter system flush buffer_cache; drop database;
calendar Expressions: Yearly, Monthly, Weekly, Daily, Hourly, Minutely, Secondely
alter system flush buffer_cache;
drop database;
database must be closed
mounted exclusively
restricted
default user tablespace
like default temporary tablespace in 9i
OUGF 2003

28. Conclusion Lot’s of new features = lot’s of new bugs
Automatic for small to medium systems
Big & heavily loaded systems still need care
OUGF 2003

29. Oracle 10g Database Engine New Features
Questions?
integrid.info
OUGF 2003

30. Oracle 10g Database Engine New Features Tanel Poder
Thank you!
integrid.info
OUGF 2003