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Comparison of Nodal Risk Formula and MR Lymphography for Predicting Lymph Node Involvement in Prostate Cancer Willem M.L.L.G. Deserno, M.D., M.Sc., Oscar A. Debats, M.D., M.Sc., Tom Rozema, M.D., Ansje S. Fortuin, M.D., Roel A.M. Heesakkers, M.D., Yvonne Hoogeveen, Ph.D., Petronella G.M. Peer, Ph.D., Jelle O. Barentsz, M.D., Ph.D., Emile N.J.T. van Lin, M.D., Ph.D. International Journal of Radiation Oncology • Biology • Physics Volume 81, Issue 1, Pages 8-15 (September 2011) DOI: /j.ijrobp Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions
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Fig. 1 Example of magnetic resonance lymphography. The images on the left are T1-weighted Volumetric Interpolated Breath-hold Examination (VIBE) images, and images on the right are T2∗-weighted Multi-Echo Data Image Combination (MEDIC) images. On top are axial images, bottom coronal view. In the red circle, a node in the common iliac is presented with a high signal intensity on T2∗-weighted images corresponding with a lymph node metastasis of prostate carcinoma. The node marked in green in the left common iliac has a significant signal drop on T2∗, corresponding with normal lymph node tissue. The bright hilar dot on T1VIBE corresponds to hilar fat. International Journal of Radiation Oncology • Biology • Physics , 8-15DOI: ( /j.ijrobp ) Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions
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Fig. 2 Summary of the data. All patients are represented in this figure. Patients with histologically proven lymph node (LN) metastasis are in red; patients with no LN metastasis are in green. Nodal risk formula (NRF) results are given on the x axis, and magnetic resonance lymphography (MRL) on the y axis, with positive MRL results in the upper graphs and negative MRL in the lower graphs. International Journal of Radiation Oncology • Biology • Physics , 8-15DOI: ( /j.ijrobp ) Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions
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Fig. 3 Probability of lymph node involvement after staging by nodal risk formula (NRF) and magnetic resonance lymphography (MRL). Initial staging: the blue curve represents the result of the logistic regression analysis with only the NRF as independent variable. Additional staging by MRL: the curves represent the risk of lymph node involvement after a negative MRL result (green curve) or after a positive MRL result (red curve). International Journal of Radiation Oncology • Biology • Physics , 8-15DOI: ( /j.ijrobp ) Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions
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Fig. 4 Receiver operator characteristic analysis of the five regression models for our patient population. MRL = magnetic resonance lymphography; NRF = nodal risk formula. International Journal of Radiation Oncology • Biology • Physics , 8-15DOI: ( /j.ijrobp ) Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions
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