1. The 4 Theories of Government
Where did the state come from? Here are the 4 main theories on how the state originated:
First, can we name them?
The Force Theory- “The state was born of force”.
Evolutionary Theory- developed out of the early family
The Divine Right Theory- “Divine Right to rule”
The Social Contract Theory- the state arose out of a voluntary act of free people.

2. The Force Theory “The State was born of Force”
Based upon the idea that one person/small group claimed control over an area and forced everyone within that area to submit to their rule.
Once their rule was established- all 4 characteristics of the state were present (name them?).

3. The Evolutionary Theory
Who is the head of your household? Your Mom, Dad, siblings, guardians?
The Evolutionary Theory says that the head of the household was the “government”.
Eventually this “lead” family evolved into a network of related clans and tribes who inhabited a piece of land- thus creating the state.

4. The Divine Right Theory
Very popular throughout the 15th-18th centuries.
God created the state and chose individuals to be given a “royal birth” and therefore the “divine right to rule”.
Opposition to ruler is both treason and a moral sin.

5. The Social Contract Theory
Most significant theory in relation to American Government.
Locke, Hobbes, and Rousseau
Originally one’s safety, and allegiance, depended upon their physical strength and intelligence.
In order to change this condition, people agreed upon a contract (the constitution) to ensure the safety and well-being of all.
Popular sovereignty, limited government, individual rights.

6. Quick Review What is the definition of Government?
List and explain the three types of power that a government exercises?
What does the Preamble of the Constitution list? Name a few.
What are the 4 characteristics of a State?
Explain sovereignty and its importance.
Explain the difference between a nation and state.
List and explain the Four Theories of Government.
What three philosophers were most influential to the beginnings of American Government?