1. New World Beginnings, 33,000 B.C.E.–1769 C.E.
Chapter 1
New World Beginnings, 33,000 B.C.E.–1769 C.E.

2. Question
Which of the following represents proof that a single continent once existed?
Discovery of evidence that a major land-bridge connected Asia and North America 35,000 years ago
Discovery of nearly identical species of fish in freshwater lakes around the world
Discovery of evidence suggesting that a single freshwater lake once covered much of present-day North America
Discovery of the Canadian shield and its undergirding of ancient rock

3. Answer
Which of the following represents proof that a single continent once existed?
Discovery of evidence that a major land-bridge connected Asia and North America 35,000 years ago
Discovery of nearly identical species of fish in freshwater lakes around the world (correct)
Discovery of evidence suggesting that a single freshwater lake once covered much of present-day North America
Discovery of the Canadian shield and its undergirding of ancient rock
Hint: See page 4.

4. Question
It is estimated that the population of North and South America in 1492, was roughly
2,000.
15,000.
4 million.
54 million.

5. Answer
It is estimated that the population of North and South America in 1492, was roughly
2,000.
15,000.
4 million.
54 million. (correct)
Hint: See page 8.

6. Question
Monk’s Mound, which rivaled in size the pyramids of Egypt, was created by the Native Americans of
Cahokia, in the Ohio River Valley.
the Pueblos of the Rio Grande Valley.
Navajo and Apache of the Southwest.
hunter-gatherers of highland Mexico.

7. Answer
Monk’s Mound, which rivaled in size the pyramids of Egypt, was created by the Native Americans of
Cahokia, in the Ohio River Valley. (correct)
the Pueblos of the Rio Grande Valley.
Navajo and Apache of the Southwest.
hunter-gatherers of highland Mexico.
Hint: See page 10.

8. Question
Three-sister farming in the southeastern Atlantic seaboard region of North America included all of the following vegetables EXCEPT
beans.
manioc.
cornstalks.
squash.

9. Answer
Three-sister farming in the southeastern Atlantic seaboard region of North America included all of the following vegetables EXCEPT
beans.
manioc. (correct)
cornstalks.
squash.
Hint: See page 10.

10. Question
Indirect discoverers of the Americas include all of the following EXCEPT
Christian Crusaders.
Muslim “middlemen.”
Norse seafarers.
the Italian adventurer Marco Polo.

11. Answer
Indirect discoverers of the Americas include all of the following EXCEPT
Christian Crusaders.
Muslim “middlemen.”
Norse seafarers. (correct)
the Italian adventurer Marco Polo.
Hint: See page 11.

12. Question Europeans gained direct access to sub-Saharan Africa because
Portuguese navigators began to creep down the West African coast in the middle of the fifteenth century.
African gold crossed the Sahara on camelback.
Mali had an impressive Islamic university at Timbuktu.
Arab merchants and Africans traded slaves.

13. Answer Europeans gained direct access to sub-Saharan Africa because
Portuguese navigators began to creep down the West African coast in the middle of the fifteenth century. (correct)
African gold crossed the Sahara on camelback.
Mali had an impressive Islamic university at Timbuktu.
Arab merchants and Africans traded slaves.
Hint: See pages 11–12.

14. Question
The Portuguese mariner who rounded the southernmost tip of Africa in 1488 was
Giovanni Caboto.
Vasco da Gama.
Bartholomeu Días.
Giovanni da Verrazano.

15. Answer
The Portuguese mariner who rounded the southernmost tip of Africa in 1488 was
Giovanni Caboto.
Vasco da Gama.
Bartholomeu Días. (correct)
Giovanni da Verrazano.
Hint: See page 13.

16. Question
All of the following were reasons for European’s voyages of discovery EXCEPT
demand for more and cheaper products from the lands beyond the Mediterranean.
Portuguese mariners had demonstrated that long-range ocean navigation was possible.
cheap slave labor from Africa made European labor obsolete.
financing available due to the unity, wealth, and power of Spain’s modern national state.

17. Answer
All of the following were reasons for European’s voyages of discovery EXCEPT
demand for more and cheaper products from the lands beyond the Mediterranean.
Portuguese mariners had demonstrated that long-range ocean navigation was possible.
cheap slave labor from Africa made European labor obsolete. (correct)
financing available due to the unity, wealth, and power of Spain’s modern national state.
Hint: See page 14.

18. Question
Native Americans earned a measure of revenge for the devastating effects of European colonization by introducing Europeans to
smallpox.
yellow fever.
malaria.
syphilis.

19. Answer
Native Americans earned a measure of revenge for the devastating effects of European colonization by introducing Europeans to
smallpox.
yellow fever.
malaria.
syphilis. (correct)
Hint: See page 16.

20. Question
All of the following were true of Cortés’ conquest of the Aztec Empire EXCEPT
victory was possible because Cortés had more warriors than Moctezuma.
it was aided by a smallpox epidemic.
temples of Tenochtitlán were destroyed to make way for the Christian cathedrals.
the native population of Mexico shrank from 20 million to 2 million in less than a century.

21. Answer
All of the following were true of Cortés’ conquest of the Aztec Empire EXCEPT
victory was possible because Cortés had more warriors than Moctezuma. (correct)
it was aided by a smallpox epidemic.
temples of Tenochtitlán were destroyed to make way for the Christian cathedrals.
the native population of Mexico shrank from 20 million to 2 million in less than a century.
Hint: See page 22.