1. Rock and the Gathering of America’s Music
Chapter 15

2. Introduction Rock came from several styles and several regions at once
Fused disparate ethnic music traditions with the pop music industry 

3. World War II
World War II had an incredible influence on the development of rock music
General pace of life accelerated
Diverse cultural groups intermingled
More Americans experienced prosperity (after the war)
Americans had more leisure time

4. Kids VS Parents
America’s youth was bored with the polite music of their parents
They were looking for a unique sound
Took an interest in the driving rhythm and raw excitement of black rhythm and blues
Parents were outraged when they heard this antithesis to their own music blaring through their children’s bedroom doors
If the youth were originally drawn to rhythm and blues for its sound alone, they soon embraced it as a tool of rebellion against the conformist expectations of their parents

5. The Southwest
Country music in the southwest was prominent in developing the use of the electric guitar
It was the same for southwestern blues and jazz musicians
With the electric guitar’s louder volume and ability to sustain notes, it was able to be used as a lead instrument that could be heard over the horn section 

6. The Southeast
Beale Street had been a gathering place for country blues musicians.
W.C. Handy had developed a highly commercial version of the blues.
The blues tradition of Beale Street remained strong into the early 1950s.
The black church was also highly influential

7. T-Bone Walker
Believed by many to be the first musician to perform with the electric guitar
Listed as an influence by Chuck Berry, B.B. King and Jimi Hendrix
With the sheer power and potentially raucous tone of the electric guitar, Walker helped to usher in hard-driving urban blues that were not as delicate as acoustic country blues
Ha0A Don’t Throw Your Love on Me So Strong

8. Boogie Woogie Rhythmic bass pattern originated on the piano
The actual notes played varied from performer to performer but were secondary to the bouncing feel that was created
Was developed by black blues pianists such as Pete Johnson
Eventually found its way into the repertoires of western swing bands
These western swing bands would eventually heavily influence the young rockabilly artists of the South

9. Boogie Woogie, cont….
The catchy boogie rhythm led to popular white imitations such as “Boogie-Woogie” by Tommy Dorsey cM and “Boogie-Woogie Bugle Boy” by the Andrews Sisters RjQ  

10. Early Rock Genres
As rock and roll began to appear around , it was comprised of 5 basic styles, defined by region, that developed independently of each other:
Northern Band Rock and Roll
New Orleans Dance Blues
Memphis Rockabilly
Chicago Rhythm and Blues
Doo-Wop

11. Northern Band Rock and Roll
This style can basically be described as white cover versions of certain black rhythm and blues numbers
The primary inspiration for this style was jump blues

12. Characteristics of Jump Blues
Based on a heavy boogie rhythm
Strong backbeat
High-spirited feelings with novelty appeal instead of being depressed
Notable performer – Louis Jordan
BmOY Choo - Choo Ch’Boogie

13. Bill Haley Born in Detroit
In the late 40s he led a western swing band in the northeast
He gradually began incorporating elements of jump blues into his style becoming a white rhythm and blues band with a country flavor
In 1951 he changed the name of his group from the Saddlemen to Bill Haley and the Comets, disassociating the band from country music and moving toward rock and roll qjc17KEsc

14. New Orleans dance Blues
Fats Domino didn’t shout like Bill Haley
Ain’t That A Shame
Sang in a relaxed mellow voice; had a tinge of coarseness
Overall feel was looser than other types of rock
Richard Penniman, also known as Little Richard msgg Long Tall Sally
Didn’t shout; screamed instead

15. Memphis Rockabilly
A truck driver named Elvis Presley came to Memphis to record some songs for his mother; he was discovered by producer Sam Philips
dr-w Hound Dog
uP4Mk Jailhouse Rock
BOeg Don’t Be Cruel

16. Elvis Presley Young and good looking Wore outrageous clothes
Had equally outrageous body movements onstage
Could convincingly sing country, gospel and blues
Producers such as Chet Atkins set about glamorizing and smoothing out his sound

17. Jerry Lee Lewis https://www. google. com/
Played piano professionally since the age of 15
Blend of boogie woogie and pentecostal church piano
Outrageous stage presence – kicked piano bench across the stage, played piano with his feet
Great Balls of Fire
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18. Chicago Rhythm and Blues
Blacks steadily migrated to the North (including Chicago) during and between the two World Wars
The South Side was home to Louis Armstrong, Jelly Roll Morton, and Blind Lemon Jefferson
While these musicians were influential in the development of rock and roll, they didn’t successfully cross over to pop audiences because of their deeper “adult” voices and often slurred speech

19. Chuck Berry Singer/guitarist Originally from St Louis
Combined a rockabilly style twangy guitar with a lively backbeat rhythm Johnny B Goode
Sang with a high youthful clear voice
His music would continue to find popularity through the 1960s due to interpretations by British rock artists and even later in movies

20. Vocal Groups (Doo-Wop)
The tradition of black male vocal groups dates back to gospel quartets of the 1800s
Originally started out as untrained singers without instrumental accompaniment
A high tenor sang the melody, two middle voices sang the inner harmony and a bass sang far below everyone else
Because they had no instrumental back up they had to create their own rhythm many times using the syllables doo-wop
These syllables became the name used by fans for this style of music, just like _____???_______

21. “Sh-Boom” was recorded in 1954 by the Chords
It was a rhythm and blues song that became popular enough to get onto Billboard’s top 10 list in the pop category
Set a standard in pop music that would be imitated for years
Was such a turning point in the development of rock that some consider it the first rock record
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22. The Platters One of the most successful doo-wop groups
Based in Los Angeles
The lead singer had a distinctive “hiccup” effect that he used in his vocals, something imitated by a number of musicians afterward 6Q

23. Buddy Holly (1936-1959) Originally from Texas
Grew up listening to Hank Williams and Bill Monroe and rhythm and blues
His voice had a light, tense quality with an occasional cry like hiccup that added to the excitement of his performances Iilw
Buddy Holly and the Crickets toured England in 1958, where there were already a significant number of fans of rock and roll

24. Buddy Holly, cont.
One such band chose their name as a tribute - ? THE BEATLES!!!
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Buddy Holly famously died in a plane crash in with Ritchie Valens and the “Big Bopper” – wP8 this date would come to be known as “The Day the Music Died” Hv-7U