1. Learning Styles & Teaching Styles
Study Skills
Topic 6
Learning Styles & Teaching Styles
PowerPoint by JoAnn Yaworski
©2003 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers.

2. Learning Styles Identifiers
Social or independent learners
Spatial or verbal learners
Applied or conceptual learners
Auditory or visual learners
Creative or pragmatic learners
©2003 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers.

3. Social vs. Independent Learners
Social Learners:
Prefer to work with other people.
Are people oriented.
Enjoy personal interaction.
Independent Learners:
Prefer to work and study alone.
Are self-directed or self-motivated.
Often are goal oriented.
©2003 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers.

4. Spatial vs. Verbal Learners
Spatial Learners:
Visualize or mentally see how things work or are positioned in space.
Their strengths include drawing, assembling things, or repairing.
Verbal Learners:
Lack skills in positioning things in space.
Rely on verbal or language skills.
©2003 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers.

5. Applied vs. Conceptual Learners
Applied Learners:
Prefer tasks that involve real objects and situations.
Prefer examples that make an idea clear and understandable.
Conceptual Learners:
Prefer to work with language and ideas.
Enjoy working with theories and concepts.
Tend to work from rule to example.
©2003 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers.

6. Auditory vs. Conceptual Learners
Auditory Learners:
Learn more easily by hearing and listening.
Visual Learners:
Processes information by seeing it in print including:
Film
Picture
Diagram
©2003 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers.

7. Creative vs. Pragmatic Learners
Creative Learners:
Are imaginative and innovative.
Learn through discovery or experimentation.
Are comfortable taking risks and following hunches.
Pragmatic Learners:
Are practical, logic, and systematic.
Seek order.
Are comfortable following rules.
©2003 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers.

8. ©2003 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers.
Intentional Learning
Pay close attention to the topics that your instructor emphasizes.
Review previous exams and quizzes.
Use textbook patterns to identify key ideas.
Take note of chapter objectives.
Make use of end-of-chapter review questions.
Talk with other students who have taken the course.
©2003 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers.

9. ©2003 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers.
Intent to Learn
What actions can you take to strengthen your intent to learn?
What personal purposes or reasons do you have for learning the course material?
What do you aim to do with this material later that makes you want to learn it now?
©2003 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers.

10. Learning Strategies for Applied Learning Styles
Associate ideas with their application.
Take courses with a lab or practicum.
Think of practical situations to which learning applies.
Use case studies, examples, and applications to cue your learning.
©2003 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers.

11. Learning Strategies for Conceptual Learning Styles
Use outlining.
Focus on thought patterns.
Organize materials into rules and examples.
©2003 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers.

12. Learning Strategies for Auditory Learning Styles
Tape review notes.
Discuss/study with friends.
Talk aloud when studying.
Tape lectures.
©2003 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers.

13. Learning Strategies for Visual Learning Styles
Use mapping.
Use visualization.
Use computer-assisted instructions.
Use films and videos.
Draw diagrams, charts, and maps.
©2003 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers.

14. Learning Strategies for Spatial Learning Styles
Draw diagrams, make charts, and make sketches.
Use outlining.
Use visualization.
Use mapping.
©2003 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers.

15. Learning Strategies for Verbal Learning Styles
Record steps, processes, and procedures.
Write summaries.
Translate diagrams and drawings into language.
Write for your interpretation next to text book drawings, maps, and graphics.
©2003 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers.

16. Learning Strategies for Creative Learning Styles
Take courses that involve exploration, experimentation, or discussion.
Use annotation to record impressions and reactions.
Ask questions about chapter content and answer them.
©2003 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers.

17. Learning Strategies for Pragmatic Learning Styles
Write lists of steps, processes, and procedures.
Write summaries and outlines.
Use structured study environments.
Focus on problem-solving and logical sequences.
©2003 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers.

18. Learning Strategies for Social Learning Styles
Interact with instructor.
Find a study partner.
Form a study group.
Take courses involving class discussion.
Work with a tutor.
©2003 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers.

19. Learning Strategies for Independent Learning Styles
Use computer-assisted instructions.
Enroll in courses using traditional lecture-exam format.
Consider independent study courses.
Purchase review books and study guides.
©2003 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers.

20. Adapting to Social vs. Independent Teaching Styles
If you are an independent learner, but your teacher has a social teaching style:
Spend time reviewing class activities alone.
Make notes.
Repeat activities by yourself.
If you are a social learner, but your teacher has an independent teaching style:
Join a study group.
Study regularly with a classmate.
©2003 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers.

21. Adapting to Spatial vs. Verbal Teaching Styles
If you are a spatial learner, but your teacher has a verbal teaching style:
Draw diagrams, charts, and pictures to learn the material.
If you are a verbal learner, but your teacher has a spatial teaching style:
Translate diagrams and flow charts into words to learn the material.
©2003 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers.

22. Adapting to Applied vs. Conceptual Teaching Styles
If you are an applied learner, but your teacher has a conceptual teaching style:
Think of examples.
Leave space in your class notes to add examples during class or when you review the notes.
If you are a conceptual learner, but your teacher has an applied teaching style:
Use space in your class notes to write in generalizations that state what the examples are intended to prove.
©2003 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers.

23. Adapting to Auditory vs. Visual Teaching Styles
If you are a visual learner, but your teacher has an auditory teaching style:
Record as much information as possible in your notes.
If you are an auditory learner, but your teacher has a visual teaching style:
Tape-record summaries of these visual aids.
©2003 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers.

24. Adapting to Creative vs. Pragmatic Teaching Styles
If you are a creative learner, but your teacher has a pragmatic teaching style:
Create a column in your class notes to record creative thoughts and responses.
If you are a pragmatic learner, but your teacher has a creative teaching style:
Rewrite and restructure class notes.
Ask for specific guidelines for completing assignments.
©2003 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers.

25. Evaluate Your Learning
At what pace am I working?
How much do I remember?
How does this information fit with other material I have learned?
What does this topic have to do with earlier discussions?
How does this topic fit with current lectures?
What principle do these problems illustrate?
©2003 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers.

26. Visit the Longman Study Skills Web Site
©2003 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers.