1. GCAT i3 Committee Presentation

2. Why is active transportation important?
Equity
Safety
Economic Benefits
Why is active transportation important?

3. How Many Households Lack Access to Vehicles?
Equity

4. Household Vehicle Access
Location
Households with Zero Vehicles
% of Households with Zero
Households with One Vehicle
% of Households with One
Total Households
Combined Percentage
Gainesville
5916
12.3%
21231
44.3%
47968
56.6%
Alachua County
8313
8.5%
38245
39.5%
96703
48.0%
Source: US Census 2015
Household Vehicle Access

5. How Much Does It Cost to Own A Car?
Average Cost in 2015: $8,698
Small Sedan: $6,729
Four-Wheel Drive SUV: $10,624
How Much Does It Cost to Own A Car?
Source: AAA 2015

6. How Many People Use Active Transportation?
Source:
How Many People Use Active Transportation?

7. Alachua County Commuter Mode Share
2000
2013
% Change
RTS
2.4%
4.2%
+75%
Bike
2.8%
3.4%
+21.4%
Walk
3.2%
3.1%
-3.1%
Total
8.4%
10.7%
+27.4%
Mode
2000
2013
% Change
Drove
87.5%
83.6%
-4.5%
Alachua County Commuter Mode Share
Source: US Census

8. 68% of people get to and from UF using one of these three modes
Bike commuting in Gainesville more than doubled between 2006 and 2011
Gainesville Commuter Mode Share
6.7% RTS
6.2% Bike
5.8% Pedestrian
19% of Gainesville workers primarily use active transportation to commute to work!
Source: US Census,

9. Bike Commute Rates 10.6% 21.7% 10.6% 22.4% 30.9% 9.3% 2.1% 1.4% 2.4%
3.0%
10.6%
14.4%
Source:2011 US Census Bureau, American Commuter Survey

10. How Much Do We Spend on Active Transportation?
0.9% Alachua County Transportation Spending on Sidewalks and Bike Paths from
How Much Do We Spend on Active Transportation?

11. Safety

12. Crashes with fatalities and injuries are extremely expensive and are paid for by all of us through higher insurance premiums, higher taxes to pay for emergency services, increased road congestion, and other costs. Between 2012 and 2014 more than 17,000 car crashes occurred in Alachua County including more than 6,000 crashes with injuries and 86 crashes with fatalities.

13. Based on the average costs of crashes involving injuries and fatalities, the cost of crashes in our area over these three years was $1,275,000,000! And the cost for crashes involving people riding bikes and walking was $158 million.
Note: Figures are rounded to nearest million in 2009 dollars. Costs based on AAA average costs for injury-only and fatal crashes.

15. Obesity: Diabetes, Heart Disease, Strokes
Air Pollution: Asthma, Allergies, Lung Cancer
A Sedentary Auto-centric Lifestyle Carries the Same Health Risk as Smoking 20 Cigarettes per Day

16. Active Transportation and Health
Walking to Work associated with:
36% Lower Risk of Dying from Heart Disease
27% Lower Risk of Developing Heart Disease
Cycling to Work associated with:
41% Lower Risk of Dying
52% Lower Risk of Dying from Heart Disease
40% Lower Risk of Dying from Cancer
46% Lower Risk of Developing Heart Disease
45% Lower Risk of Developing Cancer
Active Transportation and Health
Source:

17. Economics of active transportation

18. Direct User Fees (i. e. , gas taxes, tolls) Cover Only 49
Direct User Fees (i.e., gas taxes, tolls) Cover Only 49.7% of Direct Road Costs for State and Local Roads in Florida
Local Roads Nationwide Average Only 8% from Direct User Fees
Costs per mile driven:
Cars 29.2 cents
Bikes 0.9 cents
Pedestrians 0.2 cents
Who Pays for Roads?

19. Economic Benefits of Active Transportation
Each Mile Traveled by Bicycle Results in $1.52 in Healthcare Savings
$6 Million Saved Annually by 4,000 Bicycle Commuters in Alachua County*
Economic Benefits of Active Transportation
*Doesn’t include recreational riders or students.

20. Economic Benefits of Active Transportation
Healthcare Savings
Increased Property Values
Increased retail sales on bike friendly corridors
Increased Tourism: Golf vs. Cycling
62% of People who moved to Portland said bike friendliness was important factor in decision
Economic Benefits of Active Transportation

21. Hands-free cell phone use only: Texting a primary offense
Lower speed limits in urban cluster
Invest in best practices for bike/ped facilities
Create walkable/bikeable networks to all schools
What Should Be Done?

22. 22-24% of Crashes Involve Distracted Driving
20-25% of Crashes Involve Speeding
Causes of Crashes

23. Higher Speeds = More Deaths
Speed of Vehicle
Distance to Stop
Chance of Death Of Cyclists and Pedestrians
20 mph
45’ 5%
30 mph
85’
40%
40 mph
145’
80%
Higher Speeds = More Deaths

24. Best Practices=Best Return on Investment

25. Cycle Tracks: Pretty (top) and ugly (bottom).
Source: Anne Lusk

26. Connectivity Gaps

27. Questions?

28. FHWA “Desktop Reference for Crash Reduction Factors”
Paved shoulder widening CRF values (Bahar et al., 2007)
Widen Paved Shoulder Crash Severity Crash Reduction Factor (%)
0 to 2 ft All
0 to 4 ft All
0 to 6 ft All
0 to 8 ft All
Based on a meta-analysis of available literature.

29. Benefit/Cost Ratios of Shoulders
Lowest CRF Highest CRF Midpoint
Benefit/Cost ratio (crash rate)
Benefit/Cost ratio (severity)
Source: Ayala 2008
3-ft paved shoulders were cost-effective when the initial ADT was higher than 1,640 for virgin mixtures and 1,085 for recycled mixtures
Source: Solberg 1986 Feasibility of Paved Shoulders on Low ADT Highways.
Ayala: For roads in Alabama for 2’ shoulders. Only considers accident/injury costs.
NC study found cost of adding 3’-4’ paved shoulders on two-lane roads with
ADT between 2,000 and 10,000 is justified solely on basis of accident-related cost reductions.
Source: Heimbach 1972

30. Source: Federal Highway Administration

31. Crash Data (8th Av Section B)
2012
(4 Lanes)
9/2013-9/2014
(13 Month Trial)
Crashes 18 16
$ Damage
$78,450
$35,950
Injuries 15 2
Incapacitating Injuries
Excluding 34th St.
Intersection
2012
(4 Lanes)
9/2013-9/2014
(13 Month Trial)
Crashes 12 8
$ Damage
$71,050
$25,250
Injuries 10
Incapacitating Injuries 2

32. Bicycle Statistics during Evaluation Period on 8th Av
Date
Bikes on Sidewalk
Bikes in Bike Lane
Total
Before Trial
Wed. 4/13/2011
126 5
131
During Trial
Thurs. 9/19/2013
115
43 (+760%)
158 (+21%)
Wed. 9/24/2014
121
47 (+840%)
168 (+28%)
Thurs. 9/25/2014 94
137 (+5%)

33. Congestion vs. Lane width
Source: Karim 2015

34. Safety of 10’ Lanes 2.75 m=9 ft 3 m=9.8 ft 3.25 m=10.7ft 3.5 m=11.5 ft
Crashes are lowest on lanes 10’-10.5’ wide (Karim 2015)
Narrower lanes increase bicycle and pedestrian volumes (Karim 2015)
Impact speeds are 34% lower with narrower lanes (Karim 2015)