1. DEPARTMENT OF COUNSELLING
Retinopathy of Prematurity

2. Definition
ROP is a disease of Retina in premature children with a low birth weight and a history of prolonged oxygen therapy
The disease is characterised by abnormal growth of blood vessels on the retina which may lead to blindness
(Picture of the normal retina and prematurity retina fundus photos)

3. Causes
Premature babies born before 28 – 30 weeks of gestation and birth weight of less than 1250 gms are at risk of ROP
High oxygen concentration contributes to the development of ROP

4. Risk factors
In premature babies some parts of the Retina are choroid of blood vessels, hence they suffer from lack of oxygen
Certain chemicals are released that promote growth of blood vessels in an irregular manner
Large amounts of O2 required for a baby’s survival is believed to be toxic to the blood vessels

5. Treatment: Laser Treatment:
These abnormal blood vessels cause bleeding scan formation and later separation of the retina from patient’s and decrease vision
The disease is divided into several stages depending on the severity
Treatment:
This depends on the stage / severity of the disease
Laser Treatment:
The aim is to destroy the immature retina and to show down or stop the growth of the abnormal vessels

6. Cryotheraphy Scheral Buckling
The immature retina is destroyed using very low temperature
Scheral Buckling
A Silicon band is tied around the eye. This is done in later stages if the baby has developed a retinal detachment

7. Vitrectomy
In this surgery the vitreous which is a gel like substance in the eye, is removed
The scar tissue pulling the retina, along with any blood in the gel, is removed
This helps the retina to go back and lie flat on the inner surface of the wall of eye

8. Role of Counsellor
Should give clear information to the parent’s about the nature and progression of disease
Explain how the treatment will work and prevent further damage to the eye
Explain the visual prognosis if child has come at an advance stage
Explain about the chances of myopia in the future
Explained the need for follow-up as instructed by the doctor and give clear information of importance of follow up

9. Conclusion:
Screening the ROP babies in all hospital. (Now our paediatric doctors and Retina doctors going to ROP screening in every week Friday in GH Madurai)
Creating awareness of ROP

10. THANK YOU