1. Intro to Anatomy: Lesson 2

2. Intro to Organ Systems (11)
Integumentary
Protects against environment
Controls body temperature

3. The Integumentary System
Figure 1-2(a)

4. Skeletal System Provides support Protects tissues Stores minerals
Forms blood

5. The Skeletal System
Figure 1-2(b)

6. Muscular System
Allows movements
Provides support
Produces heat

7. The Muscular System
Figure 1-2(c)

8. Nervous System
Immediate response to stimuli

9. The Nervous System
Figure 1-2(d)

10. Endocrine System
Long-term changes in activities

11. The Endocrine System
Figure 1-2(e)

12. Cardiovascular System
Transports cells and materials

13. The Cardiovascular System
Figure 1-2(f)

14. Lymphatic System
Defends against infection and disease

15. The Lymphatic System
Figure 1-2(g)

16. Respiratory System
Delivers air to bloodstream

17. The Respiratory System
Figure 1-2(h)

18. Digestive System
Processes food
Absorbs nutrients

19. The Digestive System
Figure 1-2(i)

20. Urinary System
Eliminates excess water, salts and wastes

21. The Urinary System
Figure 1-2(j)

22. Reproductive System
Produces sex cells and hormones

23. Male Reproductive System
Figure 1-2(k)

24. Female Reproductive System
Figure 1-2(l)

25. Homeostasis Stable internal environment
Homeostatic Regulation—adjustments that preserve homeostasis
Receptor—sensitive to change in environment (stimulus)
Control Center—receives and processes information from receptor
Effector—responds to commands from control center

26. HOMEOSTASIS Normal room temperature
Figure 1-3
2 of 6
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27. Normal condition disturbed STIMULUS: Room temperature rises
RECEPTOR
Normal
condition
disturbed
Thermometer
STIMULUS:
Room temperature
rises
HOMEOSTASIS
Normal
room
temperature
Figure 1-3
3 of 6
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

28. Information Normal affects condition disturbed STIMULUS:
RECEPTOR
Information
affects
Normal
condition
disturbed
Thermometer
STIMULUS:
Room temperature
rises
CONTROL CENTER
(Thermostat)
HOMEOSTASIS
Normal
room
temperature
20o
30o
40o
Figure 1-3
4 of 6
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

29. Information Normal affects condition disturbed STIMULUS:
RECEPTOR
Information
affects
Normal
condition
disturbed
Thermometer
STIMULUS:
Room temperature
rises
CONTROL CENTER
(Thermostat)
HOMEOSTASIS
Normal
room
temperature
20o
30o
40o
EFFECTOR
Sends
commands to
Air conditioner
turns on
Figure 1-3
5 of 6
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

30. Information Normal affects condition disturbed STIMULUS:
RECEPTOR
Information
affects
Normal
condition
disturbed
Thermometer
STIMULUS:
Room temperature
rises
CONTROL CENTER
(Thermostat)
HOMEOSTASIS
Normal
room
temperature
RESPONSE:
Room temperature
drops
20o
30o
40o
Normal
condition
restored
EFFECTOR
Sends
commands to
Air conditioner
turns on
Figure 1-3
6 of 6
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

31. Negative Feedback
A stimulus triggers an automatic response that corrects the situation
Thermoregulation—control of body temperature
Body is at 98.6 degrees F
Maintain normal range

32. STIMULUS Thermoregulatory center in brain
CONTROL
CENTER
STIMULUS
Body temperature
rises above 37.2oC
(99oF)
Control
mechanism
when body
temperature
rises
Thermoregulatory
center in brain
Figure 1-4
2 of 10
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

33. Information affects STIMULUS Thermoregulatory center in brain
RECEPTOR
Body’s
temperature
sensors
CONTROL
CENTER
STIMULUS
Body temperature
rises above 37.2oC
(99oF)
Control
mechanism
when body
temperature
rises
Thermoregulatory
center in brain
Figure 1-4
3 of 10
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

34. Information affects STIMULUS Thermoregulatory center in brain Sends
RECEPTOR
Body’s
temperature
sensors
CONTROL
CENTER
STIMULUS
Body temperature
rises above 37.2oC
(99oF)
Control
mechanism
when body
temperature
rises
EFFECTOR
Thermoregulatory
center in brain
Blood vessels
and sweat
glands in skin
Sends
commands to
Figure 1-4
4 of 10
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

35. Information affects STIMULUS RESPONSE Thermoregulatory center in brain
RECEPTOR
Body’s
temperature
sensors
CONTROL
CENTER
STIMULUS
Body temperature
rises above 37.2oC
(99oF)
Control
mechanism
when body
temperature
rises
RESPONSE
Increased blood flow
to skin
Increased sweating
Stimulus removed
Homeostasis restored
EFFECTOR
Thermoregulatory
center in brain
Negative
feedback
Blood vessels
and sweat
glands in skin
Sends
commands to
Figure 1-4
5 of 10
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings