1. The Effects of Thoracic Spine Thrust Manipulation on Cervical Joint Position Error
Kelley Smith

2. Introduction What is cervical joint position error?1
What is a thoracic spine thrust manipulation?2
Why is this important to study?

3. Background
Anatomy of the spine3

4. Background

5. Background Role of muscle sensory receptors1
Effect of neck pain and cervical injury on sensorimotor system1

6. Background
Revel et al. (1992): first study to design a protocol for cervical joint position error4
Loudon et al. (1997): studied joint position error in patients with whiplash5
Krauss et al. (2008): studied the effect of thoracic spine thrust manipulation on cervical rotation range of motion6
Masaracchio et al. (2013): studied the short-term effects of thoracic spine thrust manipulation on mechanical neck pain7

7. Purpose
The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of thoracic spine thrust manipulation on cervical point position error for cervical flexion, extension, right rotation, and left rotation in healthy adult subjects

8. Materials and Methods Subjects 8 healthy, young adults
5 females, 3 males
Target number: 36
Age: 18-30
Exclusion criteria

9. Materials and Methods
Forehead laser
TRACKER target
Camera

10. Materials and Methods
Licensed physical therapist with training in the mid-thoracic spine thrust manipulation

11. Materials and Methods Affinity Photo RulerSwift
Differences between pre- and post- manipulation conditions

12. Results Females: 5 Males: 3 N=8 Age 23.3±2.52 21.67±2.59 22.63±2.5
Table 1. Below are the demographics for the population that have participated so far in the study. The data is represented by the mean ± the standard deviation.
Females: 5
Males: 3
N=8
Age
23.3±2.52
21.67±2.59
22.63±2.5
Weight (kg)
62.14±8.38
86.49±7.62
71.27±14.56
Height (cm)
162.05±2.54
182.88±5.79
169.86±11.71

13. Results
Table 2. Mean values with the standard deviations for pre-manipulation and post-manipulation errors.
Flexion
Extension
Right Rotation
Left Rotation
Pre-manipulation mean error (cm) ± standard deviation
7.1 ± 3.39
6.2 ± 2.36
5.4 ± 1.89
5.8 ± 2.5
Post-manipulation mean error (cm) ± standard deviation
5.9 ± 3.46
5.5 ± 2.05
5.4 ± 2.54
5.9 ± 2.27
Difference between pre- and post (cm)
1.2
0.7
0.1

14. Results

15. Discussion
Trends so far
Potential outcomes
Potential implications

16. References
1. Treleaven J, Jull G, Sterling M. Dizziness and unsteadiness following whiplash injury: Characteristic features and relationship with cervical joint position error. J Rehabil Med. 2003;35(1): Cleland JA, Childs JD, McRae M, Palmer JA, Stowell T. Immediate effects of thoracic manipulation in patients with neck pain: A randomized clinical trial. Man Ther. 2005;10(2): Brodie AG. Anatomy and physiology of head and neck musculature. Am J Orthod. 1950;36(11): Revel M, Andre-Deshays C, Minguet M. Cervicocephalic kinesthetic sensibility in patients with cervical pain. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1991;72: Loudon JK, Ruhl M, Field E. Ability to reproduce head position after whiplash injury. Spine. 1997;22(8): Krauss J, Creighton D, Ely JD, Podlewska-Ely J. The immediate effects of upper thoracic translatoric spinal manipulation on cervical pain and range of motion: A randomized clinical trial. J Man Manip Ther. 2008;16(2): Masaracchio M, Cleland JA, Hellman M, Hagins M. Short-term combined effects of thoracic spine thrust manipulation and cervical spine nonthrust manipulation in individuals with mechanical neck pain: A randomized clinical trial. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2013;43(3):