1. Kingdoms of Living Organisms
All organisms on The Earth belong to one 
of the following kingdoms.
 Bacteria
 Archaea
 Protist
 Fungi
 Plant
 Animal

2. Organisms on Earth Unicellular- Multi-cellular- one celled organisms
ex-
bacteria
archaea
most protists
some fungi  
Multi-cellular-
more than one cell in the 
organism
plant
animal
some protists
most fungi
Review:
Prokaryotic - does not have a membrane around a true nucleus
Eukaryotic - does have a membrane around a true nucleus

3. Unicellular Organisms:
Bacteria -
smallest known cells
lives everywhere (more in your intestines than people on Earth!)
no nucleus or membrane-covered organelles
cell wall and cell membrane
reproduces asexually (binary fission)
Archaea -
similar to bacteria
ribosomes, cell wall, & cell membrane 
are different than other cells
most live in extreme environments 
(deep in oceans, swamps, hot springs)

4. Amoeba-
One-celled organism
lives in fresh water
porous cell membrane
eats bacteria
pseudopods (foot-like 
structures) help change 
its shape
reproduces asexually 
(binary fission)
Kingdom - Protist
Yeast -
Type of fungi
Often found on plants leaves and flowers; 
soil and salt water; skin surfaces and 
intestinal tracts
reproduces by dividing (asexual -- budding)
used for fermentation (baking and alcoholic 
industries)

5. Fungi -
includes moulds, yeasts, rusts, 
smuts, mildews, mushrooms, and 
toadstools
not considered plants: no leaves 
or roots, no chlorophyll, cannot make 
own food
some are poisonous
live and feed on other organisms 
(living or dead)
reproduce sexually and asexually

6. Multi-cellular Organisms
Plants -
made of many cells with different structures
have cell walls and chloroplasts
photosynthesis - process of how plant take in 
sunlight to create sugars (food)
includes organisms such as trees, herbs, 
bushes, grasses, vines, ferns, mosses, algea
reproduces both asexually and sexually 
depending on species
Animals -
multicellular
most can move spontaneously and independently
all are heterotrophs--must take in food by 
eating other organisms
classified as Invertebrates (no backbone) or Vertebrates (has a backbone)
98% of animals are classified as invertebrates
reproduces both asexually and sexually

7. Advantages of Being Multicellular
Larger Size
 Fewer Predators because they are larger
 Have a larger variety of prey they can eat
Longer Life
 Organism is not limited to the life span of one cell  
Specialization
 Each type of cell has a particular job
 Makes the organism more efficient
 Example: The cardiac muscle cell is a specialized
muscle cell and makes the heart beat