1. Aminu M and Okpe Sunday Ejeh
Sero-prevalence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Among Students Presenting With Signs of Sexually Transmitted Infection at the University Health Centre, Ahmadu Bello University, Main Campus, Zaria, Nigeria.
Aminu M and Okpe Sunday Ejeh
  Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science,
Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria-Nigeria.

2. AIM
The aim of this study was to determine the sero-prevalence of HIV among students who presented with signs of STI at the University Health Services, Ahmadu Bello University Main Campus, Zaria, Nigeria

3. OBJECTIVES
To screen students presenting with signs of STI for HIV in order to determine the prevalence rate.
To determine the risk factors associated with the infection using questionnaires.

4. HIV STRUCTURE

5. Material and Method Study conducted between July and August 2012.
200 students who presented with signs of STI Comprising 137 females and 63 males with ages between years were enrolled in the study.
The samples were first analyzed using Determine HIV 1/2 test and the reactive samples were confirmed using Uni-gold HIV test kit.

6. RESULTS Table 1: Prevalence of HIV infection according to age group among students who presented with signs of STI at the University Health Center (UHC), ABU, Zaria.
Age (years) No. Examined No. Infected Percentage (%)
Total
(X2= , df=3, p>0.05)

7. Table 2: Prevalence of HIV infection by sex among students who presented with signs of STI at UHC, ABU, Zaria. Sex No. Examined No. Infected Percentage (%) Female Male Total (OR= 0.02, C.I=95% p>0.05)

8. Table 3: Prevalence of HIV infection in relation to the various signs of STIs presented by students at UHC, ABU Campus, Zaria. STI No. Examined No. Infected Percentage (%) HBsAg Syphilis HCV Candidiasis and Trichomoniasis Total (X2=3.24, df=3 p>0.05)

9. Table 4: Prevalence of HIV infection in relation to marital status of students who presented with STI at UHC, ABU, Zaria Marital status No. Examined No. Infected Percentage (%) Single Married Divorced Separated Total (X2=0.19, df=3 p>0.05)

10. DISCUSSION
The present study showed that most of the patients who presented with signs of STI at the UHS were sero-negative with 1.5% seropositive.
The infection rate is in agreement with a similar studies in Calcutta, India (Banerjee et al., 2002) and Brazil (Smith et al., 2010) with prevalence of 1.5% each.

11. DISCUSSION Cont’
The prevalence is lower than 1.9% recorded in Sudan (WHO, 2004), 6.4% recorded in Ibadan (Otuba et al., 1997), 6% recorded by Ocheni and Aken’Ova (2004), and 15.7% in USA (Blocker et al., 2000).
However, the infection rate of 1.5% found in this study is higher than 1.3% recorded in New Guinea, and 1.1% in East Asia (UNAIDS, 2010)

12. DISCUSSION Cont’ The variation in the results might be due to:
differences in geographical location,
awareness,
differences in methodology adopted,
sensitivity and reliability of viral assay,
the difference in period of time the study was carried out and
the difference in sample sizes

13. DISCUSSION Cont’
HIV was detected only in students who presented with signs of Hepatitis B.
This might be due to hyperendemicity of HB in Nigeria (Otts et al., 2012).
HBsAg has even been detected with a prevalence as high as 12.5% among asymptomatic students (Aminu et al., 2011).

14. CONCLUSION
HIV was detected with a low seroprevalence among students who presented with signs of STI at the UHS, ABU, Zaria implying the infection is not common amongst the students
The virus was significantly associated with single female students who presented with signs of Hepatitis B virus infection in the age group years,

15. RECOMENDATIONS
Introduction of routine screening for HIV among STI patients.
Public enlighten campaigns of other STI should be linked with that of HIV/AIDS fighting groups.
Proper counseling of STI patients on risk of acquiring and transmission of HIV.
Proper enlighten of the individuals on abstinence from alcohol, drugs and information on safe sex practices.
Further study with a larger sample size is recommended.

16. Diagram of HIV

17. THANK YOU