1. RENEWABLE ENERGIES AND
Technical University
of Sofia
RENEWABLE ENERGIES AND
CONNECTION TO THE GRID OF WIND TURBINES IN BAIKAL
Made by: Álvaro Itoiz Donamaría
Supervisor: Svetlana Tzvetkova
Sofía, 28 April 2013

2. INDEX Aims of the project Renewable energies Wind turbines situation
Wind characteristics
Wind turbine selection
Wind turbine characteristics
Energy production
Electrical calculations
Ground calculations
Transformer center
Summary of elements
Conclusion

3. AIMS OF THE PROJECT
Consideration of some of the different renewable energies.
Design and calculate the wind turbines in a Bulgarian area knowing the wind characteristics and the field that we have.
Design the electrical elements to connect the wind turbines to the grid (transformers, cables, protections…)

4. RENEWABLE ENERGIES
SOLAR
BIOMASS
WIND

5. WIND TURBINES SITUATION
N43o ’ E24o ’, at altitude of 160 m above the sea level.

6. WIND CHARACTERISTICS Frequency (%) Average speed (m/s) N 14,674 7,43
Frequency (%)
Average speed (m/s) N
14,674
7,43
NNE
8,440
5,2
ENE
9,001
4,47 E
12,305
4,8
ESE
7,866
4,43
SSE
2,795
3,43 S
2,169
2,86
SSW
4,169
3,63
WSW
11,578
4,24 W
11,055
4,92
WNW
5,117
5,44
NNW
10,831
7,85

7. WIND CHARACTERISTICS Selection of the turbines height
50.0m NE – Mean wind speed
40.0m NE – Mean wind speed
30.0m NE – Mean wind speed
2007
2008
Mean
January
5.58
5.20
5.09
February
6.07
5.85
5.70
March
5.28
6.05
5.87
5.01
5.94
5.73
4.77
5.67
5.47
April
4.38
4.18
4.14
May
4.27
4.03
3.99
June
4.83
4.47
4.50
July
5.07
4.80
August
4.92
4.82
September
5.62
5.16
5.05
October
5.10
4.71
4.67
November
6.90
6.49
6.31
December
5.15
5.17
4.91
Mean, all data
5.90
5.34
4.85
5.49
4.96

8. WIND CHARACTERISTICS Speed (m/s) % Frequency 4,708 9 4,439 18 0,203 1
4,708 9
4,439 18
0,203 1
6,62 10
3,237 19
0,16 2
9,866 11
2,604 20
0,112 3
12,201 12
1,886 21
0,071 4
12,658 13
1,53 22
0,035 5
12,494 14
0,969 23
0,015 6
10,487 15
0,567 24
0,013 7
8,418 16
0,332 25
0,002 8
6,117 17
0,257 26

9. WIND TURBINE SELECTION
D48-600kW of Dewind Iberia, S.A.

10. WIND TURBINE SELECTION
WIND TURBINE CLASS (III)
WIND TURBINE HEIGHT
DIAMETER OF THE ROTOR
POWER VS WIND SPEED OF THE TURBINE
GOOD FOR LOW DENSITY AND LOW SPEED

11. WIND TURBINE CHARACTARISTICS
Blades
3 of fiberglass and epoxy resin.
Perfil Serie ,1 m long.
Multiplier
Spur gears 1:45,5
Orientation system
Yaw system (active)
Brake system
Pitch angle and emergency disc brakes
Generator
Asynchronous dual feed. Sliding range 35%.
Connection to the net: directly and by Inverter IGBTU-U

12. ENERGY PRODUCTION 1 Wind turbine The 3 wind turbines
Average electric power (kW)
Average efficiency (%)
151,944
54,
Average wind power (kW)
Maximum efficiency (%)
470,331
75,
Electric energy in one year (GWh) 1,
455,832
Wind energy in one year (GWh) 4, 3,
Equivalent hours
Real energy in one year (MWh)
2218,38824
3644,006
Average Cp 0,
Maximum Cp
0,45

13. ELECTRICAL CALCULATION
Cables between turbines and transformers (Page 75-77)
630 kW in a distance of 300 m.
The cables of the three turbines will be: RV-K 0,6/1kV 3x630 Co + 2x400 Co

14. ELECTRICAL CALCULATION
Series B-B' Hermetic
Rated Power
kVA
800
Type
TMXB
Rated Voltage HV kV 20
Rated Voltage LV V
400
Vector-group symbol
Dyn5
No-load losses W
1450
Load losses
10500
Impedance voltage % 6
Weight of oil kg
490
Weight of transformer
2420
Transformers
800 kVA (690V/20kV)
In a prefabricated building
Oil transformers
Calculation of the short circuits and the busbar.
Protection in medium and low voltage

15. GROUND CALCULATIONS
Protection ground and service ground separately

16. TRANSFORMER CENTER

17. SUMMARY OF ELEMENTS Element Quantity Description Turbine 3
Turbines D48-600kW of Dewind Iberia, S.A.
Connection between turbine and transformers 2
Cables RV-K 0,6/1kV 3x630 Co + 2x400 Co 250 m 1
Cables RV-K 0,6/1kV 3x630 Co + 2x400 Co 300 m
Transformation centers non-electric elements
Prefabricated buildings
Protection grounds 70-60/5/46 (UNESA)
Service grounds 5/44 (UNESA)
Transformation centers HV elements
Transformers Elprom Trafo CH 800 kVA 690V/20kV
Lift cell
Measuring cell
Protection cell
Transformation centers LV elements 3
Magnetothermal 630A 22kA C
Differential 630A 300mA
Manual switch
Measuring panel low voltage to control the energy that we produce (3 current transformer and 3 voltage transformer for each one) 6
Monophasic power points 12
Lamps 2x58W
Switch for the light
Emergency lights
Elements to protect and control the energy spend in LV 1
Transformer Elprom Trafo CH 50 kVA 20 kV/400V
Measuring panel low voltage to control the energy we spend
Differential 125A 30mA
Magnetothermal 125A 10kA C

18. SUMMARY OF ELEMENTS

19. CONCLUSION THE IMPORTANCE OF THE RENEWABLE ENERGIES AND THEIR STUDY
COMPLEXITY OF WIND TURBINES PROJECT
COMPLEXITY OF THE WIND TURBINE SELECTION

20. END RENEWABLE ENERGIES AND
CONNECTION TO THE GRID OF WIND TURBINES IN BAIKAL
END
Álvaro Itoiz Donamaría