1. Treatment Biomedical
Module 73

2. Biomedical Therapy
Treatment of psychological illnesses through the use of medication and other medical treatments
Psychotropic medications
Psychosurgery
Electroconvulsive therapy (ect)

3. Psychopharmacotherapy
Four major classifications
Antipsychotic drugs
Antianxiety drugs
Antidepressant drugs
Mood-stabilizing drugs
video

4. Antipsychotic drugs neuroleptics Psychoses Thorazine Medicine helps
Disorders in which hallucinations or delusions indicate some loss of contact with reality
Thorazine
First – 1950s – schizophrenia
Medicine helps
Effective for lessening hallucinations and delusions

5. Antipsychotic drugs
Excess of dopamine cause of schizophrenia – block dopamine receptors
Thorazine, haldol, clozaril
Side Effects
Tardive dyskinesia
Issues with walking, drooling and muscle spasms

6. Antianxiety drugs Axiolytics Help decrease anxiety and tension
Low levels of gaba

7. Antianxiety drugs Two main types Babituates Benzodiazepines
Sedatives – anxiety and sleep-wake disorders
Rarely used today – highly addictive
High risk of accidental overdose and dangerous withdrawal
Benzodiazepines
Used to assist as sleep aid, tension reducer or muscle relaxant
Librium, Valium, xanax
Safer – tolerance and withdrawal issues

8. Antidepressants Most commonly used drug in clinical practice
Treat depression and anxiety
Three main types
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (maois)
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
Prozac, paxil, zoloft
Most popular milder side effects

9. Mood stabilizers
Used to balance extremes of emotion that are experienced by someone with bipolar disorder
Lithium
Helps with the mania
Anticonvulsant mood stabilizers
Fewer side effects and are less toxic

10. Psychosurgery Lobotomy film Most drastic form
Surgical removal or destruction of particular areas of the brain
Prefrontal lobotomies
NOT REALLY USED ANYMORE
Lobotomy film

11. Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)
1940
ECT USED TO CAUSE CONVULSIONS (BRAIN SEIZURES)
TODAY – UNDER MUSCLE RELAXTANT AND ANESTHESIA