1. Salmon Calcitonin Drugbank ID : DB00017
Protein chemical formula : C145H240N44O48S2
Protein average weight :
Half life : minutes

2. Description : Indication : Pharmacodynamics :
Synthetic peptide, 32 residues long formulated as a nasal spray.
Indication :
For the treatment of post-menopausal osteoporosis
Pharmacodynamics :
Calcitonin inhibits bone removal by osteoclasts (bone remodeling cells) and promotes bone formation by osteoblasts. This leads to a net increase in bone mass. Calcitonin also reduces plasma calcium levels and enhances secretion of ions in the kidney.

3. Mechanism of action : Metabolism : Absorption :
Calcitonin binds to the calcitonin receptor (found primarily in osteoclasts) which then enhances the production of vitamin D producing enzymes (25-hydroxyvitamine D-24-hydroxylase), leading to greater calcium retention and enhanced bone density. Binding of calcitonin to its receptor also activates adenylyl cyclase and the phosphatidyl-inositol-calcium pathway.
Metabolism :
Salmon calcitonin is primarily and almost exclusively degraded in the kidneys, forming pharmacologically inactive fragments of the molecule.
Absorption :
Salmon calcitonin is rapidly absorbed and eliminated. Bioavailability following subcutaneous and intramuscular injection in humans is high and similar for the two routes of administration (71% and 66%, respectively).

4. Route of Elimination : Toxicity : Targets : Affected organisms :
Studies with injectable calcitonin show increases in the excretion of filtered phosphate, calcium, and sodium by decreasing their tubular reabsorption in the kidney.
Toxicity :
Salmon calcitonin is devoid of embryotoxic, teratogenic and mutagenic potential.
Targets :
Calcitonin receptor
Affected organisms :
Humans and other mammals

5. Categories : Patents : Sequence :
Bone Density Conservation Agents and Antihypercalcemic Agents and Anti-Osteporotic Agents
Patents :
Country Patent Number Approved Expires
United States
United States
Sequence :
CSNLSTCVLGKLSQELHKLQTYPRTNTGSGTP

6. Brands : Calcimar
Description : Calcitonin is a group of polypeptide hormones secreted by the thyroid gland in mammals and by the ultimobranchial gland of birds and fish. It is of physiological importance in the regulation of calcium metabolism in certain animal species, and may also have physiological importance in certain extra skeletal systems
Used for/Prescribed for : Calcitonin injection is used to treat Paget's disease of bone, postmenopausal osteoporosis, or high levels of calcium in the blood (hypercalcemia).
Formulation : Each mL of sterile solution contains: calcitonin salmon 200 IU. Nonmedicinal ingredients: acetic acid, phenol, sodium acetate, sodium chloride, sodium hydroxide and water for injection.
Form : solution
Route of administration : subcutaneous or intramuscular injection

7. Dosage : the dose of calcitonin is based on body weight and injected every 12 hours Contraindication : allergy Side effects : feeling light-headed, fainting; or muscle stiffness. Drug interaction : A total of 5 drugs (43 brand and generic names) are known to interact with calcitonin among which 2 moderate drug interactions (9 brand and generic names) and 3 minor drug interactions

8. References : http://www. drugs. com/sfx/calcimar-side-effects