1. Manifest Destiny

2. William Henry Harrison’s Presidency John Tyler’s Presidency
War of words with Britain
WHH- whig party saw him as a figurehead, Daniel Webster as secretary of state, Hanry Clay in the senate would control the whigs. Harrison got pneumonia, died 4 weeks into the white house.
Tyler- alligned more with the democrats but left them bc he did not like jackson’s percieved abuse of power to become a whig, advocated states right and was initially put on the ticket to attract southern voters. Whigs were pro-bank, pro-protective tarrif, and pro internal improvements tyler was the exact opposite
congress tried to recreate the national bank, but tyler will veto two different bank bills. He will be formally kicked out of his party and his enitre cabinet beside webster will resign
will reluctantly sign the tariff of 1842 understanding the country needed revenue, which will help to bring the country out of depression
War of words- still did not like britain, began with travel authors bad mouthing eachothers countries, US was a borrowing nation (young) and britain was a loaning nation. Panic of many states will default on their loans, and there will be a small inserection in Canada (US will give supplies and volunteer to help) in 1837 a us steamship caroline was carrying supplies to the canadian rebelsand was attacked and burned by the british. This invasion of american soil was seen as a threat, but the US suppling canadians was seen as a violation of neutrality.
Maine boundary dispute- Aroostook War= clash of lumberjacks along the disputed territory. Will eventually negotiate a border with GB giving us more land, but them the land they needed for an overland route from Halifax to Quebec.

3. Texas and Oregon Texas Oregon Election of 1844- Manifest Destiny
Texas gained independence, but 8 years later was still not recognized by the mexican government, they still saw them as a territory in revolt, and texans being vastly outnumbered but could not yet be accepted into the US will start to seek foreign Aide- england and france were both very interested bc it gave them a foothald in the americas again.
Bc of the possibility of europe getting involved taxes became a major issue during the election of 1844, and tyler will decide as a way to get his administration to be remebered for something good he needed to get texas. And finally in 1845 both houses will pass the annexation of texas.- Mexico very angry.
Oregon- Spain, russia, britain, and the US all had claims to it at one pint. Russia and spain will cease their claims, leaving britain and US. American settlers started out as missionaries to convert indians, but will steadily grow, britain had hudson bay company settled and trading in the region. In 1818 we sign the Anglo-Maerican Convention agreeing to joint osupation until future settlement.
oregon fever- oregon trail, by ,000 americnas had settled south of the columbia river in oregon country. Britain had about 700. – the issue of the northern border was also thrown into the election of Polk- “54 40 or fight”
Election- Democrats now in the process of being taken over by southerners, Whigs nominated henry clay, Democrats nominated james k polk. Biggest issue during election= Manifest Destiny.

4. Mexican-American War Polk Fighting Effect
Polk- lower tariff, independent treasury, Acquisition of California, and the settlement of Oregon. Will reach all of these goals. Compromised with the british at the 49th parralel, passed the walker tariff and gained califonia through the war and settled oregon.
Desperately wanted california- but mexico upset about texas would not negotiate.
While texas ahd been a part of mexico the border was the nueces river, but texas and now america claimed it was the rio grande according to the treaties signed after texas independence.
Polk frustrated with the multiple rebukes of his offers to buy california took fate into his own hands, in 1846 he ordered 4,000 men under general zachary taylore to march between the neuces and rio grande rivers. On april 25th 1846 mexican troops attacked american troops in thei disputed territory. Polk then asked congress for a declaration of war.
Main goal of war was CA – john c fremont, in 1846, with local american created the CA bear flag revolt- got CA
Gen taylor- then went on fightin in mexico- overtook forces greater then his through military tactics winfield scott came in, and in sept of 1847 he captured mexico city
Peace- Santa anna arranged for an armistace at the cost of 10,000 dollars but pocketed the money and bolstered his troops. Finally signed the treaty of guadelupe hidalgo- feb , america was given aall claims to texas and the land west of it to the ocean with the southern border being the rio grande- US paid 15 m dollars for the land and 3.25 m to the mexican people
Effect- immense land, bolstered amnifest destiny, experience for our up and coming civil war generals, “halls of montezuma”- marine song, US now seen as the colossus of the north in latin america, war helped raise the slavery issue to an even more hightened status- Wilmot Proviso was introduced when polk was trying to get more money for a peace agreement- it said that the land gained from mexico should be free- did not pass but totally freaked out the south.
Ralph waldo Emerson- “Mexico will poison us”