1. Manifest Destiny
Chapter 13

2. Manifest Destiny
to overspread and to possess the whole continent.

4. In the early 1800’s, 4 nations laid claim to the vast, rugged land known as the Oregon country:
The United States
Great Britain
Spain
Russia

5. Adams-Onis Treaty
Spain gave up any claim to Oregon. Russia also surrendered its claim to the land south of Alaska. Only Britain remained a challenge to American control of Oregon
joint occupation -People from both the United States and Britain could settle there

6. Oregon Trail

7. Settling Oregon
Americans began traveling to the Oregon country to settle in the 1830’s
Economic troubles at home made new opportunities in the West look attractive

8. More and more Americans agreed
“Fifty-four Forty or Fight”
The settlers in Oregon insisted that the United States should have sole ownership of the area
More and more Americans agreed
p. 360

9. Election of 1844
Oregon became a significant issue in the 1844 presidential election
Polk - supported American claims for sole ownership of Oregon
Democrats campaigned using the slogan “Fifty-four Forty or Fight.” The slogan referred to the line of latitude that Democrats believed should be the nation’s northern border in Oregon

10. Independence for Texas
By 1830 Americans in Texas far outnumbered Mexicans
These Americans had not adopted Mexican ways
The United States had twice offered to buy Texas from Mexico
The Mexican government viewed the growing American influence in Texas with alarm.
In 1830 the Mexican government issued a decree, or official order, that stopped all immigration from the United States

11. These new policies angered Texans
Trade between Texas and the United States was discouraged by placing a tax on goods imported from the United States
These new policies angered Texans

12. The Struggle for Independence
Santa Anna – Dictator of Mexico
During 1835 unrest grew among Texans and the Mexican government occasionally resulted in open conflict.
Santa Anna sent an army into Texas to punish the Texans for criticizing him
The Texans called on volunteers to join in their struggle. They offered free land to anyone who would help
Davy Crockett and many others – including a number of African Americans answered the call
p. 365

13. The New Mexico Territory
In the early 1800’s, New Mexico was the name of a vast region sandwiched between the Texas and California territories.
It included all of present day New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, and Utah and parts of Colorado and Wyoming
p. 369

14. California Gold Rush
People from all over the world flocked to California in search of quick riches. More than 80,000 people came there looking for gold in 1849 alone
Those who arrived in 1849 were called forty-niners

15. Life in California
As people rushed to a new area to look for gold, they built new communities called boomtowns.

16. California applied to Congress for statehood in MARCH 1850
California applied to Congress for statehood in MARCH Because its constitution banned slavery, the request caused a crisis in Congress
The Southern states objected to making California a state because it would upset the balance of free and slave states
California did not become a state until Congress worked out a compromise 6 months later

17. Utah Mormons- religious group who migrated to present-day Utah.
Brigham Young- Head of the Mormons. Led them to Utah.