1. Chemical Reactions and Metabolism

2. Metabolism= Anabolism + Catabolsim
Metabolism is the sum total of the
cellular processes occurring in living
things
Such chemical reactions use enzymes
and the molecules involved in these
reactions are called metabolites
Anabolic reactions
•endergonic
•produce +∆G (change in
free energy) and is used to
do work
•large molecules are made
from these types of reactions
•examples: synthesis of carbs of ca

3. Metabolism= Anabolism + Catabolsim
Catabolic reactions
•exergonic
•produce -∆G (change in
free energy) and is released
light or heat energy
•large molecules are broken
down in these types of reactions
•examples: digestion of complex
food & cell respiration

4. General information ΔG is the change in free energy.
Reactions prefer a lower energy state, thus a negative ΔG change is favored
Negative ΔG indicates that the reaction is exergonic and spontaneous
Positive ΔG indicates that the reaction is endergonic, or that it requires energy to go from reactants to products.
Endergonic & exergonic reactions are usually coupled together, linking energy producing reactions with energy requiring reactions

5. Graphs: Endergonic vs Exergonic

6. Metabolism and Enzymes
Activation energy is the minimum
energy needed raise substrates
to a transition state so reactions
can occur and new products form
Enzymes lower the activation energy
by breaking or weakening substrate
bonds
Enzymes help reduce the activation
energy required for metabolic
reactions
Graph displays activation energy
needed

7. Metabolism and Enzymes: Comparison of Reactions with and without Enzymes
Article Summarizing ATP, Energy and Enzymes