1. ACTIVE AND PASSIVE SENTENCE

2. ACTIVE AND PASSIVE MEANINGS ACTIVE The subject does the action of the verb PASSIVE The subject receives the action of the verb

3. SIMPLE PRESENT OR SIMPLE PAST TENSE am is are + Verb 3 (past partciple) +by was were Active : Andri drinks a glass of coffee every morning Passive : A glass of coffee is drunk by Andri every morning Active : The tornado destroyed thirty houses Passive : Thirty houses were destroyed by the tornado

4. PRESENT PROGRESSIVE OR PAST PROGRESSIVE TENSE am is are + being +Verb 3 (past partciple) +by was were Active : The committee is considering several new proposals Passive: Several new proposals are being considered by the committee Active : The committee was considering several new proposals Passive: Several new proposals were being considered by the committee

5. PRESENT PERFECT OR PAST PERFECT TENSE has have + been + Verb 3 (past participle) + by had Active : The company has ordered some new equipment Passive: Some new equipment has been ordered by the company Active : The company had ordered some new equipment before the strike began Passive: Some new equipment had been ordered by the company before the strike began

6. MODALS
modal + be + Verb 3 (past participle) + by
Active: My brother will learn mathematics today
Passive: Mathematics will be learnt by my brother today
MODALS + PERFECT
modal + have + been + Verb 3 (past participle)
Active: Rendy should have taken the medicine
this morning
Passive: The medicine should have been taken by Rendy this morning

7. discussed by the board of directors when it was proposed again by the supervisors (A) The problem had already (B) The problem is already (C) The problem had already been (D) The problem has already 2. Much of the carnage of elephants, giraffes, and big cats......uncaring hunters (A) must commit by (B) must be committed (C) must have committed (D) must have been committed by

8. Slide Title