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Celebrating the Servant-Savior:
The Gospel of Isaiah Jason S. DeRouchie, PhD Professor of OT and Biblical Theology Bethlehem College & Seminary Bethlehem Baptist Church, 2016
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Reading for Depth vs. Distance
Different seasons for Bible reading and study A life-long pattern of reading for depth vs. distance Learn to use your Bible’s well: Recognize OT allusions Learn the biblical storyline Recall biblical promises Stand in awe of our big God Celebrate Christ and the gospel
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Guidelines for Interpreting OT Prophecy
Think in terms of oracles. Pay attention to history. Remember the covenant and the canon. See and savor Christ and the gospel.
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Guidelines for Interpreting OT Prophecy
Think in terms of oracles. Pay attention to history. Clue 1: Isa 1:1 Clue 2: Isa 1:7–8 (cf. Isa 36–37) Clue 3: Isa 1:19–20 Deut. 30:15–16. See, I have set before you today life and good, death and evil. 16 If you obey the commandments of the LORD your God that I command you today, by loving the LORD your God, by walking in his ways, and by keeping his commandments and his statutes and his rules, then you shall live and multiply, and the LORD your God will bless you in the land that you are entering to take possession of it.
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Pay attention to history.
K I N G D O M
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Pay attention to history.
K Kickoff & Rebellion Creation, fall, flood I N G D O M
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Pay attention to history.
K Kickoff & Rebellion Creation, fall, flood I Instrument of Blessing Patriarchs N G D O M
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Pay attention to history.
K Kickoff & Rebellion Creation, fall, flood I Instrument of Blessing Patriarchs N Nation Redeemed & Commissioned Exodus, Sinai, wilderness G D O M
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Pay attention to history.
K Kickoff & Rebellion Creation, fall, flood I Instrument of Blessing Patriarchs N Nation Redeemed & Commissioned Exodus, Sinai, wilderness G Government in the Land Conquest & kingdoms D O M
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Pay attention to history.
K Kickoff & Rebellion Creation, fall, flood I Instrument of Blessing Patriarchs N Nation Redeemed & Commissioned Exodus, Sinai, wilderness G Government in the Land Conquest & kingdoms D Dispersion & Return Exile & initial restoration O M
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Pay attention to history.
K Kickoff & Rebellion Creation, fall, flood I Instrument of Blessing Patriarchs N Nation Redeemed & Commissioned Exodus, Sinai, wilderness G Government in the Land Conquest & kingdoms D Dispersion & Return Exile & initial restoration O Overlap of the Ages Christ’s work & church age M
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Pay attention to history.
K Kickoff & Rebellion Creation, fall, flood I Instrument of Blessing Patriarchs N Nation Redeemed & Commissioned Exodus, Sinai, wilderness G Government in the Land Conquest & kingdoms D Dispersion & Return Exile & initial restoration O Overlap of the Ages Christ’s work & church age M Mission Accomplished Christ’s return & kingdom consummation
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Pay attention to history.
K Kickoff & Rebellion Creation, fall, flood I Instrument of Blessing Patriarchs N Nation Redeemed & Commissioned Exodus, Sinai, wilderness G Government in the Land Conquest & kingdoms D Dispersion & Return Exile & initial restoration O Overlap of the Ages Christ’s work & church age M Mission Accomplished Christ’s return & kingdom consummation
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Pay attention to history.
K Kickoff & Rebellion Creation, fall, flood I Instrument of Blessing Patriarchs N Nation Redeemed & Commissioned Exodus, Sinai, wilderness G Government in the Land Conquest & kingdoms D Dispersion & Return Exile & initial restoration O Overlap of the Ages Christ’s work & church age M Mission Accomplished Christ’s return & kingdom consummation
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Israel & Judah in History
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Israel & Judah in History
Isaiah
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Pay attention to history.
Power Prophetic Period Israel Judah Assyria (870–626 BC) 8th–early 7th century Jonah (ca. 770) Amos (ca. 760) Hosea (ca. 760–730) Isaiah (ca. 740–700) Micah (ca. 737–690) Nahum (ca. 650) Babylon (626–539 BC) Late 7th–early 6th century Habakkuk (ca. 630) Jeremiah (ca. 626–580) Zephaniah (ca. 622) Joel (ca. 600?) Obadiah (ca. 586?) Ezekiel (ca. 593–570) Persia (539–323 BC) Late 6th–early 5th century Haggai (ca. 520) Zechariah (ca. 520–518) Malachi (ca. 433)
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Guidelines for Interpreting OT Prophecy
Think in terms of oracles. Pay attention to history. Remember the covenants and the canon. The five main covenants? Adamic/Noahic Abrahamic Mosaic Davidic New
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Guidelines for Interpreting OT Prophecy
Think in terms of oracles. Pay attention to history. Remember the covenants and the canon. The five main covenants? Adamic/Noahic Abrahamic Mosaic Davidic New
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Remember the covenants and the canon.
Law (Established) Prophets (Enforced) Writings (Enjoyed) Former Latter Genesis Joshua Jeremiah Ruth Daniel Exodus Judges Ezekiel Psalms Esther Leviticus 1–2 Samuel Isaiah Job Ezra-Nehemiah Numbers 1–2 Kings The Twelve Proverbs 1–2 Chronicles Deuteronomy Ecclesiastes Song of Songs Lamentations Narrative Commentary
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Remember the covenants and the canon.
Law (Established) Prophets (Enforced) Writings (Enjoyed) Former Latter Genesis Joshua Jeremiah Ruth Daniel Exodus Judges Ezekiel Psalms Esther Leviticus 1–2 Samuel Isaiah Job Ezra-Nehemiah Numbers 1–2 Kings The Twelve Proverbs 1–2 Chronicles Deuteronomy Ecclesiastes Song of Songs Lamentations Narrative Commentary
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Remember the covenants and the canon.
ESV v. 9: “Cited Rom 9:29 Rom. 9:22–29. What if God, desiring to show his wrath and to make known his power, has endured with much patience vessels of wrath prepared for destruction, 23 in order to make known the riches of his glory for vessels of mercy, which he has prepared beforehand for glory—24 even us whom he has called, not from the Jews only but also from the Gentiles? 25 As indeed he says in Hosea, “Those who were not my people I will call ‘my people,’ and her who was not beloved I will call ‘beloved.’” 26 “And in the very place where it was said to them, ‘You are not my people,’ there they will be called ‘sons of the living God.’” 27 And Isaiah cries out concerning Israel: “Though the number of the sons of Israel be as the sand of the sea, only a remnant of them will be saved, 28 for the Lord will carry out his sentence upon the earth fully and without delay.” 29 And as Isaiah predicted, “If the Lord of hosts had not left us offspring, we would have been like Sodom and become like Gomorrah.”
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Guidelines for Interpreting OT Prophecy
Think in terms of oracles. Pay attention to history. Remember the covenant and the canon. See and savor Christ and the gospel.
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NT perspectives: Acts 3:18, 24. But what God foretold by the mouth of all the prophets, that his Christ would suffer, he thus fulfilled…. And all the prophets who have spoken ... also proclaimed these days. Acts 10:43. To him all the prophets bear witness that everyone who believes in him receives forgiveness of sins through his name. 1 Pet 1:10–11. Concerning this salvation, the prophets who prophesied about the grace that was to be yours searched and inquired carefully, 11 inquiring what person or time the Spirit of Christ in them was indicating when he predicted the sufferings of Christ and the subsequent glories.
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Content-Outline of Isaiah 1
Title v. 1 The national crisis vv. 2–9 The religious situation (+ note of hope) vv. 10–20 The social problem vv. 21–23 Resolution: Threat and hope vv. 24–31
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Content-Outline of Isaiah 1
The overarching promise of Isaiah 1 Isa 1:18. Come now, let us reason together, says the LORD: though your sins are like scarlet, they shall be as white as snow; though they are red like crimson, they shall become like wool. Title v. 1 The national crisis vv. 2–9 The religious situation (+ note of hope) vv. 10–20 The social problem vv. 21–23 Resolution: Threat and hope vv. 24–31
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