1. Becoming a Fair-Minded Thinker
Chapter 3
Becoming a Fair-Minded Thinker
Noor Al-Shwaikhat
Eman Al-Matrood
Razan Al-Khashram

2. Weak versus strong critical thinking
Weak thinking: it is missing certain important higher-level skills and values of critical thinking, it fails o consider, in good faith, viewpoints that contradict its own viewpoints. Strong thinking: strive to be fair-minded. They use thinking in an ethically responsible manner. They work to understand and appreciate the viewpoints of others. They are willing to listen to arguments they do not necessarily hold.

4. What Does Fair-Mindedness Require?
To be fair-minded is to strive to treat every viewpoint relevant to a situation in an unbiased, unprejudiced way. Achieving a truly fair-mindedness state of mind is challenging. It requires us to simultaneously become intellectually humble, intellectually courageous, intellectually empathetic, intellectually honest, intellectually perseverant, confident in reason, and intellectually autonomous.

5. Intellectual Humility: Having Knowledge of Ignorance
The opposite of intellectual humility is intellectual arrogance, a lack of consciousness of the limits of one’s knowledge, with little or no insight into self-deception or the limitations of one’s point of view.

6. Intellectual Courage: Being Wiling to Challenge Beliefs

7. What is Intellectual Courage?
Having consciousness of the need to face and fairly address ideas, beliefs, or viewpoints towards which one has strong negative emotions and to which one has not given a serious hearing..

8. Intellectual Courage intellectual cowardice
The need to face and fairly address ideas
Intellectual Courage intellectual cowardice
The fair of ideas that do not
confirm to one’s own

9. Once we define who we are in relation to an emotional commitment to a belief, we are likely to experience inner fear

10. Intellectual courage is just as important in our professional as in our personal lives.

11. Another important reason to acquire intellectual courage is to overcome the fear of rejection by others

12. Intellectual Empathy: Entertaining Opposing Views

13. What is Intellectual Empathy?
Intellectual Empathy is an awareness of the need to imaginatively put oneself in the place of others so as to genuinely understand them.

14. Intellectual intellectual Empathy Self-centeredness
To put oneself in the place of others
Intellectual intellectual
Empathy Self-centeredness
it Is thinking centered on self

15. How can we be fair to the thinking of others if we have not learned to put ourselves in their intellectual shoes?

16. Intellectual Integrity: Holding Ourselves to the Same standards to Which we Hold Others.

17. What is Intellectual Integrity?
Recognition of the need to be true to one’s own thinking and to hold oneself to the same standards one expects others to meet.

18. Intellectual intellectual Integrity hypocrisy
To be true to one’s own thinking
Intellectual intellectual
Integrity hypocrisy
a state of mind unconcerned with genuine integrity

19. The appearance of integrity means a lot because it affects our image with others.

20. Our beliefs and actions are consistent, we don’t say one thing and d another.

21. Intellectual perseverance: Working Through Complexity and Frustration
Definition of perseverance.
How does fair-mindedness relates to perseverance ?
Characteristics of people having this skill.

22. Confidence in Reason: Recognizing that Good Reasoning Has Proven Its Worth
Definition and characteristics.
Faith in different situations.
-Faith in the father as the traditions head of the family
-Faith in institutional authorities.
-Faith in one's own unanalyzed experiences or emotions.
-Faith in people who have social status or position.

23. Intellectual Autonomy: Being an Independent Thinker
Definition
Characteristics

24. Recognizing the independence of intellectual virtues:
intellectual courage
intellectual sense of justice
intellectual humility
Intellectual integrity

25. Thank You !