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Information and Communication Technology: TECHNOLOGY (EXTENDED MEANING) presented by: Rhiza S. Sadjad rhiza@unhas.ac.id http://www.unhas.ac.id/~rhiza/

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Presentation on theme: "Information and Communication Technology: TECHNOLOGY (EXTENDED MEANING) presented by: Rhiza S. Sadjad rhiza@unhas.ac.id http://www.unhas.ac.id/~rhiza/"— Presentation transcript:

1 Information and Communication Technology: TECHNOLOGY (EXTENDED MEANING)
presented by: Rhiza S. Sadjad

2 ICT = Information and Communication Technology
A “lexical approach”: 3 (three, actually 4?) words: (1) TECHNOLOGY (2) INFORMATION (3) COMMUNICATION 5/15/2018

3 Information and Communication Technology: The Meaning of TECHNOLOGY
The ISOLATED and EXTENDED MEANING presented by: Rhiza S. Sadjad

4 Technology: The ISOLATED meaning The EXTENDED meaning 5/15/2018

5 (classical books for examples)
Technology: The EXTENDED meaning Sources/References: (classical books for examples) (1) Rogers, Everett M., [1986], “Communication Technology, The New Media in Society” (2) Goulet, Denis, [1989], “The Uncertain Promise, Value Conflicts in Technology Transfer” (3) Feenberg, Andrew, [1991], “Critical Theory of Technology” (4) Winner, Langdon, [1977], “Autonomous Technology” 5/15/2018

6 The extended meaning of technology ........
Rogers [1986, page 1] Technology is a design for instrumental action that reduces the uncertainty in the cause-effect relationship involved in achieving a desired outcome [Rogers, 1983, p. 12] 5/15/2018

7 The extended meaning of technology ........
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN"> <html><head><!-- saved from url=(0030) --><title>Rhiza's Personal Notes</title> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=windows-1252"> <meta content="MSHTML " name="GENERATOR"></head><body bgcolor="#00ccff" link="#0000ff" vlink="#800080"> <div align="center"> <center> </center><center> </center><table border="0" cellpadding="6" height="641" width="642"> <tbody> <tr> <td height="126" width="57"> <p style="background-color: rgb(255, 0, 0);" align="center"><a href=" alt="Logo UNHAS" src="Rhiza%27s%20Personal%20Notes_files/ayamkecil.gif" border="0" height="112" width="97"></a></p></td> <td colspan="2" height="126" nowrap="nowrap" width="445"> <p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 1px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 0);" align="left"><b><font color="#660033" face="Tahoma" size="6">My Personal Notes</font></b></p> Rogers [1986, page 1] A technology usually has both: a hardware aspect a software aspect and humanware ! 5/15/2018

8 The extended meaning of technology ........
Another example: (in Bahasa Indonesia) “PENGUASAAN TEKNOLOGI” ???? <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN"> <html><head><!-- saved from url=(0030) --><title>Rhiza's Personal Notes</title> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=windows-1252"> <meta content="MSHTML " name="GENERATOR"></head><body bgcolor="#00ccff" link="#0000ff" vlink="#800080"> <div align="center"> <center> </center><center> </center><table border="0" cellpadding="6" height="641" width="642"> <tbody> <tr> <td height="126" width="57"> <p style="background-color: rgb(255, 0, 0);" align="center"><a href=" alt="Logo UNHAS" src="Rhiza%27s%20Personal%20Notes_files/ayamkecil.gif" border="0" height="112" width="97"></a></p></td> <td colspan="2" height="126" nowrap="nowrap" width="445"> <p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 1px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 0);" align="left"><b><font color="#660033" face="Tahoma" size="6">My Personal Notes</font></b></p> What's the meaning of the word ”menguasai”? Is “menguasai” = to be able to own? to use? to make? to understand how it works? to repair, to troubleshoot......? 5/15/2018

9 The extended meaning of technology ........
Other examples: The ”level” of technology???? <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN"> <html><head><!-- saved from url=(0030) --><title>Rhiza's Personal Notes</title> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=windows-1252"> <meta content="MSHTML " name="GENERATOR"></head><body bgcolor="#00ccff" link="#0000ff" vlink="#800080"> <div align="center"> <center> </center><center> </center><table border="0" cellpadding="6" height="641" width="642"> <tbody> <tr> <td height="126" width="57"> <p style="background-color: rgb(255, 0, 0);" align="center"><a href=" alt="Logo UNHAS" src="Rhiza%27s%20Personal%20Notes_files/ayamkecil.gif" border="0" height="112" width="97"></a></p></td> <td colspan="2" height="126" nowrap="nowrap" width="445"> <p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 1px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 0);" align="left"><b><font color="#660033" face="Tahoma" size="6">My Personal Notes</font></b></p> HIGH TECH --> SOPHISTICATED LOW TECH --> SIMPLE APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY Economic issue : EXPENSIVE (CAPITAL INTENSIVE) vs CHEAP Labor issue: AUTOMATIC vs MANUAL (LABOR INTENSIVE)‏ 5/15/2018

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