1. Introductory Lecture on Digital Electronics
Electronics Club
Introductory Lecture on Digital Electronics

2. Why Learn Digital ??
Is it because computers are digital or the world is going Digital ??
As Samsung says “The new realm of DigitAll Technology”
One to One functions
Virtually immune to noise
Easy to rectify mistakes ( Why?? )

3. What is Digital Electronics??
A Digital circuit is based on a number of discrete voltage levels, as distinct from an analog circuit that uses continuous voltages to represent variables directly.
In most cases the number of states is two, and these states are represented by two voltage levels: one near to zero volts and one at a higher level depending on the supply voltage in use.
These 2 discrete states might be called “Low” and “High”, 1 or 0 , True or False.
Simple intuitive Boolean algebra !!!!

4. Wanna See Noise Immunity !!
Technology
Low Level
High Level
Supply Voltage
CMOS
0 to Vcc/2
Vcc/2 to Vcc
Vcc = 5V
TTL
0 to 0.8V
2V to Vcc

5. What is common to Digital Circuits??
Supply Voltage  5V (at the club )
A term called CLOCK
Will you change
Mr. Logical One
Mr. Clock Says :
Yes Sir !!
Right away
Mr. Logical One
Responds:

6. In Electronics Terms
A clock is simply a square wave , which is mostly common to all components put in a digital circuit. We may classify it as a parameter in measuring speed of the circuit.
A Logical One 5V 0V
A Logical Zero

7. The Binary Number System
Representing Nos. as a sequence of 1’s and 0’s.
Nos. in Base 2
Decimal to Binary Conversion
Binary to Decimal Conversion
Intuitivism here too!!!!

8. Logic Gates
Simple Boolean functions
AND OR
NOT
XOR
NAND
NOR

9. AND Gate Y = A & B Input 1(A) Input 2(B) Output (Y) Input 1 Input 21
Y = A & B

10. OR Gate Y = A | B Input 1 (A) Input 2 (B) Output (Y) Input 1 Input 21
Y = A | B

11. NOT Gate
Input A
Output Y
Input
Output 1
Y = ~A

12. XOR NOR NAND XNOR Gates A B A XOR B 1 A B ~(A&B) 1 A B A XNOR B 1 A B1 A B
~(A&B) 1 A B
A XNOR B 1 A B
~(A|B) 1

13. Dear Transistor
Most simple use as a switch
Supply
Load Device
Input

14. You did not understand something ???
Read the handout
Even better come to the workshop
Lets work One to One 
Register for the workshop
Finally Be there !!!!

15. Thank You