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Ultrasonography of Uterine Leiomyomas

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1 Ultrasonography of Uterine Leiomyomas
Sabrina Q. Rashid, Yi-Hong Chou, Chui-Mei Tiu  Journal of Medical Ultrasound  Volume 24, Issue 1, Pages 3-12 (March 2016) DOI: /j.jmu Copyright © Terms and Conditions

2 Figure 1 Submucosal and degenerative myoma on the transvaginal scan. The mass is indicated by the arrows. Journal of Medical Ultrasound  , 3-12DOI: ( /j.jmu ) Copyright © Terms and Conditions

3 Figure 2 Numerous small intramural leiomyomas (M) on the transvaginal scan. Journal of Medical Ultrasound  , 3-12DOI: ( /j.jmu ) Copyright © Terms and Conditions

4 Figure 3 An intramural leiomyoma (large arrows) and a large cervical leiomyoma (myo, small arrow) on the transvaginal scan. Journal of Medical Ultrasound  , 3-12DOI: ( /j.jmu ) Copyright © Terms and Conditions

5 Figure 4 A longitudinal transabdominal scan of a largecervical leiomyoma (arrows), which resulted in the patient's inability to empty the urinary bladder. U = uterus; UB = urinary bladder. Journal of Medical Ultrasound  , 3-12DOI: ( /j.jmu ) Copyright © Terms and Conditions

6 Figure 5 (A) Longitudinal and transverse transabdominal scans of a leiomyoma (mass) on the vaginal wall. (B) Longitudinal and transverse transvaginal scans also show leiomyoma (the arrows indicate the mass) on the vaginal wall. UB = urinary bladder. Journal of Medical Ultrasound  , 3-12DOI: ( /j.jmu ) Copyright © Terms and Conditions

7 Figure 6 Longitudinal and transverse transabdominal scans show a subserosal leiomyoma (arrow) on the fundus. UB = urinary bladder. Journal of Medical Ultrasound  , 3-12DOI: ( /j.jmu ) Copyright © Terms and Conditions

8 Figure 7 Pedunculated leiomyomas. (A) The tumor (arrow) has a thin stalk (arrowhead) connecting it to the uterine fundus (longitudinal TAS image). (B) The TAS image shows a leiomyoma (arrow) with a relatively thick stalk (arrowheads) connecting it to the uterine fundus. (C) The TVS and (D) CT scan of a pedunculated calcific leiomyoma (arrow). Another small leiomyoma is visible (cursors). The patient also has ascites due to peritoneal dialysis. CT = computed tomography; TAS = transabdominal scan; TVS = transvaginal scan; UT = uterus. Journal of Medical Ultrasound  , 3-12DOI: ( /j.jmu ) Copyright © Terms and Conditions

9 Figure 8 The transvaginal scan shows a polyp (arrows) in the endometrial canal and multiple intramural leiomyomas (M). Journal of Medical Ultrasound  , 3-12DOI: ( /j.jmu ) Copyright © Terms and Conditions

10 Figure 9 (A) Leiomyoma (arrows) with calcific changes presents as bright spots within the mass on the transvaginal scan. (B) Transabdominal scan of curvilinear calcification in the periphery of a leiomyoma (arrows) in a pregnant female. F = fetus. Journal of Medical Ultrasound  , 3-12DOI: ( /j.jmu ) Copyright © Terms and Conditions

11 Figure 10 A leiomyoma (arrows) on three-dimensional (3D) ultrasonography presents as a hypoechoic mass in the cervical region (TAS). (A) The original raw image on the sagittal scan. (B) The 3D image. TAS = transabdominal scan. Journal of Medical Ultrasound  , 3-12DOI: ( /j.jmu ) Copyright © Terms and Conditions

12 Figure 11 The tumor volume, tumor vascularity, and vascularity index in a leiomyoma (arrows), assessed by using three-dimensional ultrasonography (3D US). (A) The conventional transabdominal scan image shows a hypoechoic mass in the uterine body (arrows). (B) Based on 3D US volumetry, the tumor volume is  cm3. (C) Tumor vascularity on 3D US obtained by power Doppler US. The right lower image shows 3D power Doppler angiography. (D) The vascularity index (VI) of the leiomyoma is (flow index = 26.251, vascularization flow index = 0.786). Journal of Medical Ultrasound  , 3-12DOI: ( /j.jmu ) Copyright © Terms and Conditions

13 Figure 12 An intensely hyperechoic uterine mass (large arrows) on the transvaginal scan is a fat-containing mass (i.e., a lipoleiomyoma). Another submucosal leiomyoma is present (small arrows) and associated with the distortion of the endometrial echoes (arrowheads). Journal of Medical Ultrasound  , 3-12DOI: ( /j.jmu ) Copyright © Terms and Conditions

14 Figure 13 Cystic fibroid. (A) The sagittal scan of the lower abdomen shows a large nearly completely cystic fibroid uterus (arrows) that measures 12 cm × 10 cm and mimics a huge gestational sac. It is in the body of the uterus of an unmarried 25-year-old woman with regular but very heavy periods and dysmenorrhea. (B) The transverse scan shows a solid component, 57 mm thick (arrows), that resembles placental tissue on one side of the cystic fibroid uterus. CX = uterine cervix; U = uterus; UB = urinary bladder. Journal of Medical Ultrasound  , 3-12DOI: ( /j.jmu ) Copyright © Terms and Conditions

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