2. After the Crusades
Mrs. Kirkpatrick 8

3. Renaissance Crusades Rise of feudalism Decline of feudalism
Shift in Thinking
Hundred Years War
Italian
City States
Black Death
Rise of Towns
Crusades
Rise of Church
Rise of
Towns
Franks & Charlemagne
Black
Death
Barbarian
Invasions
Hundred
Years War
Fall of
Rome
Italian
City States
Rise of feudalism
Shift in Thinking
Decline of feudalism

4. Effects of the Crusades
Opened the door for …
New ideas
Trade, new trade routes
Growth of towns
Increased geographic knowledge
Gold standard/increased use of money
Rise of nationalism

5. Other Benefits of the Crusades
Education
universities
Philosophy
Thomas Aquinas
Literature
Chaucer, Dante
Medicine
hygiene, surgery

6. Trade & Finance ⃗ breakdown of feudal system New Trade Routes
Europe ⃡ italy
italy ⃡ Mediterranean
Italy ⃡ North Africa
population shift ⃗
towns
Guilds
controlled crafts, trade
Made up of artisans
- apprentice ⃗ journeyman
- journeyman ⃗ master
› need for cash
Jews ⃗ Moneylending
⃗ breakdown of feudal system

7. Life changes as the feudal order breaks down…

8. Growth of Towns Thrived along trade routes Different currencies banks
New African, Asian trade
Different currencies banks
Lord granted charter
Town self-governs
Pays tax to Lord
Guilds governed
Middle Class created

9. Magna Carta 1215: Great Charter
Disagreements between barons, king John, and pope
Limited power of English monarchs
Guaranteed some individual rights
First step toward constitutional law
“No free man shall be arrested, or imprisoned, or deprived of his property…unless by legal judgment of his peers…”

10. Plague

11. The Black Death 1347 outbreak Fleas → rats → humans ??
Buboes = boil-like sores
Religion questioned
Killed ¼ + of Europe’s pop.
Reduced labor force
- peasant revolts
Survivors got more food, goods
Italian city-states emerged

12. Hundred Years War Long Bow Infantry (standing army)
Fought between France and England over land & rights to the throne
Long Bow
Infantry (standing army)
Knights became obsolete
Rise of nationalism (patriotism for country)

13. Shift in Thinking Up with education! Support the arts!
Science: Good thinking!
Shift in Thinking
Up with education!
Reason & faith – perfect together.
Support the arts!

14. Renaissance begins Feudalism declines Crusades Shift in thinking
Hundred Years War
Italian City-States
Plague
Crusades
Growth of towns
Growth of towns
Plague
Italian City-States
Hundred Years War
Shift in thinking
Feudalism declines

15. Ghengis Khan Reign: 1206 - 1227 United Mongols by defeating all rivals
Conquered most of Asia
Gifted organizer, strategist
Adopted new weapons
Cruelty, terror as weapon

16. Mongol Empire Largest unified land empire in history
Much of land conquered was laid waste
- populations wiped out
- land, irrigation ruined

17. Pax Mongolia Mid 1200’s – Mid 1300’s
Safe passage guaranteed along Silk Roads
Trade between Europe, Asia flourished
Exchange of ideas, inventions as well as goods

18. Khanates
1260: Empire divided into 4 Khanates: Great Khan, Chagatai, Ilkhanate, Golden Horde
Mongols adopted aspects of cultures they ruled (cultural assimilation)
Contributed to eventual collapse of empire

19. Agriculture Better farming methods Horse -drawn plow - New harness
3 – field system
- 1 winter, 1 summer, 1 fallow
- caused population growth