1. GED Online Week Three Science
Lee County Adult and Career Education

2. Technology Support Specialist Career of the Week

3. Technology Support Specialist
Learn common hardware, software, and peripheral technologies used in business. Study the best practices of computer troubleshooting, networking, and security across a variety of devices and operating system (O.S.) platforms. Install and configure O.S. and software, as well as, discover proper safety procedures when troubleshooting and building a computer or computer system. This program gives you the knowledge you will need to sit for CompTIA’s A+ certification exams: and

4. Technology Support Specialist
Learn about the latest trends in technology in FMTC's  Technology Support Services program. Explore the Cloud, Satellite, Mobile/Handheld, Bluetooth, Personal Area Network (PAN), Malware, Security, Bring Your Own Device (BYOD), and the Internet of Things (IoT). Students develop research and presentation skills as they configure devices, manage Internet protocols, and implement security on hand-held and network equipment. This program provides skills needed to prepare for further education and/or entry-level careers in the information technology field.

5. Technology Support Services Master Plan of Instruction
Computer Operating Systems
Emerging Technologies
Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)
Webpage Design
Client Systems
Networking
Software Applications
Computer & Network Security
Specialized Network & Communication Devices
System Performance
Employability Skills

6. The Program
600 hours Approximately 5 months Monday - Friday 8:00 a.m. - 2:30 p.m.
Approximate Program Cost is $2,624

7. DNA

8. DNA stands for deoxyribose nucleic acid
This chemical substance is present in the nucleus of all cells in all living organisms (Nucleus is the membrane bound structure that contains the cell’s hereditary information and is the central part of most cells) DNA controls all the chemical changes which take place in the cells The kind of cell which is formed, muscle, blood, nerve, etc. is controlled by DNA The kind of organism which is produced is controlled by DNA

9. DNA Molecule
DNA is a very large molecule made up of a long chain of sub-units The sub-units are called nucleotides Each nucleotide is made up of a sugar called deoxyribose and a phosphate group –PO4 and an organic base

10. Ribose and Deoxyribose
Ribose is a sugar, like glucose, but with only five
carbon atoms in its molecule C5 H10 O5
Deoxyribose is almost the same but lacks one
oxygen atom C5 H10 O4
Both molecules may be represented by the symbol

11. There are four nitrogenous bases found in DNA that are called guanine, adenine, thymine and cytosine.
They are abbreviated by the first letter in their name, or G, A, T and C. The bases can be divided into two categories: 
Thymine (T) and cytosine (C) are called pyrimidines
Adenine (A) and guanine (G) are called purines

12. The Bases Adenine (A) Thymine (T) Cytosine Guanine
The most common organic bases are
Adenine
(A)
Thymine
(T)
Cytosine
(C)
(G)
Guanine

13. 7
Joined nucleotides
PO4
sugar-phosphate backbone
+ bases
A molecule of DNA is formed by millions of nucleotides joined together in a long chain

14. In fact, the DNA usually consists of a double strand of nucleotides8
In fact, the DNA usually consists of a double
strand of nucleotides
The sugar-phosphate chains are on the outside
and the strands are held together by chemical
bonds between the bases

15. 9
2-stranded DNA
PO4
PO4
PO4
PO4
PO4
PO4
PO4
PO4
PO4

16. The bases always pair up in the same way10
Bonding
The bases always pair up in the same way
Adenine forms a bond with Thymine
Adenine
Thymine
and Cytosine bonds with Guanine
Cytosine
Guanine

17. 12
Pairing up
PO4
PO4
PO4
PO4
PO4
PO4
PO4
PO4
PO4

18. The paired strands are coiled into a spiral called13
The paired strands are coiled into a spiral called
A DOUBLE HELIX

19. 14
THE DOUBLE HELIX
bases
sugar-phosphate
chain

20. A DIY model of part of a DNA molecule15
A DIY model of part of a DNA molecule
This is a teaching model. The colours of the bases do not conform to the accepted
scheme today

21. Before a cell divides, the DNA strands unwind and separate 16
Replication
Before a cell divides, the DNA strands
unwind and separate
Each strand makes a new partner by adding
the appropriate nucleotides.
The result is that there are now two double-stranded DNA molecules in the nucleus
So that when the cell divides, each nucleus
contains identical DNA
This process is called replication

22. 17
The strands separate
PO4
PO4

23. 18
Each strand builds up its partner by adding the appropriate nucleotides
PO4
PO4
PO4
PO4
PO4
PO4
PO4
PO4
PO4
PO4
PO4
PO4
The nucleotides are present in the nucleoplasm. The nuclear equivalent of cytoplasm
PO4
PO4
PO4
PO4
PO4

24. The sequence of bases in DNA forms19
Genetic Code
The sequence of bases in DNA forms
The Genetic Code
A group of three bases (a triplet) controls
the production of a particular amino acid in
the cytoplasm of the cell
The different amino acids and the order in which they are joined up determines the sort of protein being produced

25. The proteins build the cell structures23
DNA and Enzymes
The proteins build the cell structures
They also make enzymes
The DNA controls which enzymes are made and
the enzymes determine what reactions take place
The structures and reactions in the cell determine
what sort of a cell it is and what its function is
So DNA exerts its control through the enzymes

27. DNA fingerprinting is also known as DNA profiling
DNA fingerprinting is also known as DNA profiling. It is a technique used by scientists to distinguish between individuals of the same species using only samples of their DNA.
The process of DNA fingerprinting was invented by English geneticist Alec Jeffreys at the University of Leicester in England in 1985.
Alec Jeffreys

29. DNA fingerprinting has been used to help solve crimes by linking suspects to crimes and by helping identify bodies of victims.

30. Paternity and parentage.
In addition to crime investigation, DNA fingerprinting can also be used to establish
Paternity and parentage.
DNA paternity testing can indicate that a man is highly likely to be the father with about 99.9% accuracy or that he is excluded as being the father with 100% accuracy.

31. In addition to crime investigation, DNA fingerprinting can also be used to:
establish paternity and parentage
identify victims of war and large scale disasters
study biodiversity of species
track genetically modified crops
settle immigration disputes
Most lab techniques used for DNA fingerprinting were not intended for these purposes, but instead were developed for use in the medical field for diagnosis and treatment of diseases.

32. Small amounts of biological evidence left at crime scenes, called trace evidence are the sources of DNA. .
This includes saliva, blood, semen, skin, hair roots, body tissue cells, and even urine.

33. DNA has four different nitrogenous bases:
Adenine (A),
Thymine (T),
Guanine (G),
Cytosine (C).
These bases form pairs according to the base pairing rule:
Adenine binds only with Thymine
Cytosine binds only with Guanine
These pairs are considered to be complementary.

34. DNA in chromosomes is called nuclear DNA
Nuclear DNA is inherited from both the mother and father, and is virtually identical in all cells of an individual’s body
Mitochondrial DNA is in the form of a circular loop, and unlike nuclear DNA, is inherited only from the mother

35. PCR stands for Polymerase Chain Reaction.
Often the amount of evidence left at a crime scene is very small and therefore considered to be trace evidence.
A problem with analyzing trace evidence is that many forensic tests will destroy the evidence sample.
Therefore, prior to DNA fingerprinting a technique called PCR is used.
PCR stands for Polymerase Chain Reaction.
PCR is a technique that makes thousands of copies of segments of DNA that investigators want to analyze.

36. Because DNA is found in all cellular material and cells are very small, contamination is an important issue to address when collecting and preserving DNA evidence.
To avoid DNA evidence contamination, crime scene investigators should:
Wear disposable gloves and change them often
Use disposable instruments for handling each sample
Avoid talking, coughing, or sneezing over evidence
Do not touch your face or body when collecting or packaging evidence
Air-dry evidence before packaging. If evidence cannot be dried, it may be frozen.
Avoid using plastic bags to store evidence that contains DNA; use paper bags or envelopes
Keep evidence cool and dry during transportation and storage. Avoid direct sunlight which can damage DNA.

37. Step One:
Extraction of the DNA
Collect DNA (from scene or known)
Step Two:
Cutting the DNA into restriction fragments
RFLPs, Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms
Step Three: Amplification (making many copies of those fragments)- using the Polymerase Chain
Reaction technique
Gel Electrophoresis
a process that separates RFLPs according to their length, creating a DNA Fingerprint.
Step Four: Electrophoresis