1. Novel approaches in skin tissue engineering : a review

2. Parinaz Abdollahiyan* Nanomaterials department, Maragheh university, Maragheh, Iran

3. Skin tissue engineering

4. Current approaches limits:
lack of hair follicles
sweat glands
flexibility
mechanical properties

5. Scaffolds properties:
flexibility to gain a native-like skin tissue biocompatibility for low immune responses biodegradability hydrophil to maintain wounds moistures

6. Scaffolds forms: 3D
plate
microsphere
Fibrous

7. Nanostructured scaffolds:

8. Skin Growth Factors: Plated-derived Growth Factor (PDGF)
Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimuli
Growth Factor (GMCSGF)
Fibroblast Growth Factors (FGF)
Transforming Growth Factors (TGF)
Endothelial Growth Factor (EGF)

9. Natural scaffolds

10. Collagen:

11. Gelatin

13. Dual-loaded gelatin microsphere:

14. Fibronectin:
Fibronectin, isolated of blood plasma, could be as a nature scaffold for skin tissue engineering due to their special characteristics in mechanical properties, tissue-like content water and high biocompatibility.
they have rapid degradation in vivo.
fibrin gel shrinkage is another limit which could solve by crosslinking with other artificial materials.

15. Chitosan:
ability in blood coagulation
enhanced solubility

16. Gelatin/chitosan scaffolds:
low toxicity
Simple gelation with divalent cations and biocompatibility properties

17. Chitosan/ PVA reinforced by graphene
Antibacterial properties
Better elastic module

18. Chitosan/GO Can hold water for the hydrophil nature of graphene oxide
Enhanced mechanical and thermal properties

19. Keratin Hydrophil antibacterial properties
Reinforced by Ag nanoparticles enhance proliferation and differentiation keratinocyte
enhance proliferation and differentiation fibroblast
increase cells proliferation rate

20. Microspheres with cavity surface to enhance cells proliferation and differentiation

21. SEM image of nanofibrous electrospun collagen/poly (L-lactic acid)–co-poly (3 caprolactone) (Coll/PLLCL)

22. Conclusion:
Deep skin tissue injuries such as diabetic or hard burn wounds couldn’t treat with biological body interaction. Current methods are available for these kinds which limit by adverse effects and risks many times. Tissue engineering is a novel treatment approach based on three principals has some disadvantages regulated to the types of each basical case among scaffolds, cells and growth factors. Nano technology also use for resolve these advantages by applies modifications in situ and cause to better cell adhesion and consequent better repair results. Cells will culture on the scaffolds and related growth or antibiotic agents encapsulate in its pores to reach to a controlled release.

23. Thank you