1. Analogies

2. Definition
Analogies involve pairs of related words. In many analogy questions, you are given two words and are asked to find another pair of words that are related in the same way.

3. Example Here is a typical question:
(The analogy can be expressed this way: “A microscope is to germs as a ___ is to ___.”)
MICROSCOPE : GERMS ::
(A) doctor : illness
(B) shot : serum
(C) patient : nurse
(D) vision : glasses
(E) telescope : stars

4. Strategies
Determine the relationship expressed by the original pair of words. State that relationship in a sentence:
“A microscope is an apparatus used to view and study germs.”
Decide which other pair of words expresses a similar relationship. Test your choice by substituting those words in your sentence:
“A telescope is an apparatus used to view and study stars.”

5. Relationships Used in Analogies
cause to effect
virus : disease :: carelessness : error

6. Relationships Used in Analogies
part to whole
finger : hand :: spoke : wheel

7. Relationships Used in Analogies
object to purpose
car : transportation :: lamp : illumination

8. Relationships Used in Analogies
action to object
dribble : basketball :: push : wheelbarrow

9. Relationships Used in Analogies
item to category
giraffe : mammal :: grasshopper : insect

10. Relationships Used in Analogies
item to characteristics
owl : nocturnal :: lion : carnivorous

11. Relationships Used in Analogies
word to synonym
accumulate : increase :: squander : decrease

12. Relationships Used in Analogies
word to antonym
cold : hot :: arctic : tropical

13. Relationships Used in Analogies
worker to creation
composer : symphony :: author : novel

14. Relationships Used in Analogies
time sequences
infant : child :: adolescent : adult

15. Relationships Used in Analogies
spatial sequences
ceiling : floor :: sky : ground

16. Relationships Used in Analogies
word to grammatical variant
go : went :: lose : lost

17. Try some! 1. JUICE : ORANGE :: 3. CORRAL : ENCLOSURE ::
(A) beef : meat
(B) apple : core
(C) pie : bakery
(D) clouds : rain
(E) milk : cow
2. TRIGGER : GUN ::
(A) ignition : car
(B) crossbow : arrow
(C) rifle : bullet
(D) bullet : dock
(E) umbrella : handle
3. CORRAL : ENCLOSURE ::
grass : lawn
saddle : horse
food : cook
(D) boat : dock
(E) box : container
4. ACIDITY : LEMON ::
(A) air : atmosphere
(B) element : fire
(C) water : evaporation
(D) salinity : ocean
(E) sediment : mud

18. Try some more! 5. MILLION : QUANTITY :: (A) conservation : wilderness
(B) teacher : desk
(C) anger : emotion
(D) fish : net
(E) ten : hundred
6. AUTHOR : MANUSCRIPT::
(A) book : pages
(B) writing : stories
(C) anger : stage
(D) sculptor : clay
(E) artist : painting
7. WOOD : BENCH ::
cloth : suit
thread : button
lock : door
(D) paper : clip
(E) glass : reflection
8. STUBBORN : YIELD ::
strong : bully
withdrawn : socialize
(C) eager : begin
(D) hungry : cook
(E) angry : fight

19. …and some more! 11. MILITANT : AGGRESSIVE :: 9. IMPOSE : EXPOSE ::
nonviolent : peaceful
(B) lazy : active
(C) warlike : victorious
(D) selfish : generous
(E) military : civilian
12.SCISSORS : CUT ::
measure : ruler
hammer : pound
water : drink
(D) write : computer
(E) nail : hammer
9. IMPOSE : EXPOSE ::
(A) depress : express
(B) impress : depress
(C) impress : express
(D) invade : escape
(E) expel : impel
10. NEGLECTED : SQUALID ::
(A) tidiness : tidy
(B) clean : dirty
(C) careful : forgetful
(D) sloppy : sloping
(E) neat : spotless

20. …and some more! 13. INTERMITTENTLY : CONTINUOUSLY ::
(A) legally : legitimately
(B) occasionally : always
(C) infrequently : seldom
(D) always : constantly
(E) usually : generally
14. OVERWORK : STRESS ::
(A) relaxation : anxiety
(B) gardening : lawn
(C) starvation : hunger
(D) sport : leisure
(E) dreaming : sleep

21. …and some more! 15. RECALL : PAST :: (A) anticipate : prediction
(B) forget : reminder
(C) foretell : future
(D) foresee : hindsight
(E) guess : luck
16. AGENT : ACTOR ::
(A) proprietor : property
(B) lawyer : client
(C) banker : investment
(D) employee : employer
(E) dentist : doctor
17. GENERATE : ELECTRICITY ::
mine : gold
conduct : orchestra
invent : patent
radiate : light
heat : fire
18. EXISTENCE : EXIST ::
assume : assumption
recreation : swim
(C) painting : create
(D) transportation : travel
(E) domination : dominate

22. …and some more!