1. Cells and Life Review Key – Lesson 1
1. Which three scientists long ago helped develop the cell theory?
Robert Hooke
Matthias Schleiden
Rudolf Virchow

2. 2. What are the three parts of cell theory?
1. All living things are made of one or more cells
2. The cell is the smallest unit of life
3. All new cells form from existing cells.

3. If you have your blue page, look at that! What does “cule” mean?
macromolecule
What does “macr” mean?
If you have your blue page, look at that!
What does “cule” mean?

4. So “macromolecule” = large, mass that is small
Macr = large
Cule = small
And “mole” = mass
So “macromolecule” = large, mass that is small

5. 3. How do macromolecules form?
Smaller molecules join together

6. 4. What role does water play in cell survival?
1. surrounds the cell
2. makes up large part of cell
3. creates a stable environment
4. ideal for dissolving other substances

7. 5. What do nucleic acids contain?
genetic information

8. 6. What role do lipids play in the health of a cell?
energy storage
protective membranes
communication

9. 7. What role do carbohydrates play in the health of a cell?
1. energy storage
2. structural support
3. communication

10. 8. What do lipids not do?
dissolve in water

11. 3. Chemical breakdown of substances 4. Structural support
Proteins –
1 communication
2. Transport
3. Chemical breakdown of substances
4. Structural support

12. Carbohydrate
1. Energy storage 2. Structural support 3. Communication

13. Lipids
Energy Storage
Protective membranes
Communication

14. – contain genetic information
Nucleaic Acids
– contain genetic information

16. Water is the main ingredient in every cell.

17. 1. What is a stiff structure outside the cell membrane? cell wall
Lesson 2
1. What is a stiff structure outside the cell membrane? cell wall
2. In which organelle does photosynthesis take place? chloroplast
3. Which organelles store food, water, and waste material? vacuoles

18. Common to plant and animal cells:
4. What is a flexible barrier that protects the inside of a cell? cell membrane
5. What are short, hairlike structures that help move a cell? cilia
6. What is the fluid that fills the inside of the cell? cytoplasm
7. What gives framework to a cell and helps it move? cytoskeleton

19. Common to all eukaryotic cells (plants, animals, fungi, and protists):
8. Which organelle contains genetic information and controls the cell? nucleus
9. In which organelle are proteins made? ribosome
10. What removes harmful substances for a cell? endoplasmic reticulum
11. Which organelle releases energy in a cell? mitochondria

20. 12. Which organelle prepares proteins for specific jobs
12. Which organelle prepares proteins for specific jobs? Golgi apparatus
13. Which organelle carries substances to other parts of a cell? vesicle
14. Which vacuole-like structures break down and recycle cell parts? lysosome

21. Lesson 3 | Moving Cellular Material
What passes through a cell using passive transport?
1. oxygen, carbon dioxide, other small molecules

22. What are the 3 types of passive transport?
2. diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion

23. Passive transport

24. 3. How do substances move in passive transport?
3. from higher to lower concentration

25. 4. What is the diffusion of water molecules only?
4. osmosis

26. 5. carrier proteins, channel proteins
What is used in facilitated diffusion to assist the transport of sugar and sodium molecules?
5. carrier proteins, channel proteins

27. Diffusion

28. What is only used in active transport?
6. energy

29. How do substances move in active transport?
7. from lower to higher concentration

30. Active transport

31. Which proteins are used in active and passive transport?
8. carrier proteins

32. What does a cell do to a substance in endocytosis?
9. surrounds it and brings it inside the cell

33. What does a cell use to eliminate (get rid of) a substance that is to large to leave by diffusion?
10. exocytosis

34. Which structures join with the cell’s membrane during exocytosis?
11. vesicles (sounds like vehicle, something that helps you move around)

35. Cell specialization

36. (in any order) diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis;
Do not use energy
(in any order) diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis;

37. (in any order) endocytosis; exocytosis
Use Energy
(in any order) endocytosis; exocytosis

38. Lesson 4 Cells and energy
Go to the flow chart on the following page – you will do the numbers after

39. Cells and Energy – the steps of cellular respiration.
1. Sugar molecules enter a cell
2. Chemical reactions occur in the cells cytoplasm
3. Small amounts of ATP are released
4. Small molecules enter mitochondria
5. Large amounts of ATP are produced
Cells and Energy – the steps of cellular respiration.
6/7 – in either order are the last two
Water is released from the cell
Carbon dioxide is released from the cell

40. Cell Structures

41. 1.The organelles in plants that convert light energy to food during photosynthesis are chloroplasts.
2. A process that breaks down glucose into smaller molecules and produces ATP is called glycolysis .
3.A series of chemical reactions that converts the energy in food into ATP is called cellular respiration.

42. 4. Cheese, yogurt, and sour cream are made when bacteria carry out lactic acid fermentation.
5. Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm of a cell.
6. When yeasts in bread dough carry out alcohol fermentation, they produce the carbon dioxide that causes dough to rise.
7. The second step in cellular respiration occurs in a cell’s mitochondria.

43. Label

44. A – Central vacuole
B – Cell Wall
C – cell membrane
D – chloroplast
E – nucleus
F - mitochondrion

45. Turn in to your class period in box