1. Newton’s first Law of Motion Law of Inertia
Chapter 4
Newton’s first Law of Motion
Law of Inertia

2. Aristotle
4th Century B.C.
Foremost Scientist
Two Types of Motion

3. THE MOTION ON EARTH THOUGHT TO BE STRAIGHT UP AND DOWN
NATURAL MOTION
THE MOTION ON EARTH THOUGHT TO BE STRAIGHT UP AND DOWN

4. PLANETARY MOTION IS NATURAL
ARISTOTLE TAUGHT THAT THE PLANETS MOVED IN A PERFECT CIRCLE AND BECAUSE THIS WAS THEIR NATURAL MOVEMENT NO FORCE WAS REQUIRED TO MAKE THEM MOVE.

5. IMPOSED MOTION - THE RESULT OF FORCES THAT PUSH OR PULL
VIOLENT MOTION
IMPOSED MOTION - THE RESULT OF FORCES THAT PUSH OR PULL

6. VIOLENT MOTION IS CAUSED
A FORCE CAUSES VIOLENT MOTION
IT IS CAUSED BY AN OUTSIDE ACTION.

7. BEFORE 16TH CENTURY
CONSIDERED THE EARTH AS THE CENTER OF THE UNIVERSE.

8. THE DARK AGES A TIME OF INTELLECTUAL STAGNATION
A TIME OF TOTAL CONTROL OF THE CATHOLIC CHURCH.
THE TIME OF THE INQUISITION

9. THE CHURCH ROLE THE CHURCH ACCEPTED WHAT ARISTOTLE STATED AS FACT.
ANYONE WHO OFFERED A DIFFERENT THEORY WAS CONSIDERED A HERETIC.
SOME WERE IMPRISONED AND OTHERS BURNED AT THE STAKE.

10. COPERNICUS
NICOLAUS COPERNICUS FORMULATED THE THEORY OF THE MOVING EARTH.
DID NOT PUBLISH UNTIL HE KNEW HE COULD NOT BE PUNISHED
RECEIVED THE FIRST COPY OF HIS BOOK “De Revolutionibus” ON HIS DEATHBED, MAY 24, 1543.

11. GALILEO GENIUS SCIENTIST FROM RENAISSANCE ITALY SUPPORTED COPERNICUS
DESTROYED THE IDEA THAT A FORCE IS REQUIRED TO KEEP AN OBJECT MOVING

12. HOW? FORCE IS A PUSH OR A PULL
FRICTION IS THE FORCE THAT OPPOSES MOTION. IT OCCURS BETWEEN THE TWO MOVING SURFACES.
EVEN THE SMOOTHEST SURFACES HAVE FRICTION

13. GALILEO AND FRICTION
GALILEO SAID THAT IF FRICTION WAS PRESENT A FORCE MUST BE EXERTED IN ORDER FOR MOTION TO OCCUR.
GALILEO’S EXPERIMENTS CONCERNED HOW THINGS MOVED AND NOT WHY THEY MOVED.

14. NEWTON’S LAW OF INERTIA
EVERY OBJECT CONTIUES IN A STATE OF REST, OR OF MOTION IN A STRAIGHT LINE AT CONSTANT SPEED, UNLESS IT IS COMPELLED TO CHANGE THAT STATE BY FORCES EXERTED UPON IT.

15. EXAMPLES DISHES ON THE TABLE COIN ON A CARD PUTTY ON A HANGER
CAN YOU THINK OF AN EXAMPLE?

16. MASS MASS IS A MEASURE OF INERTIA
WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN KICKING AN EMPTY CAN AND KICKING A FULL CAN

17. MASS IS NOT VOLUME MASS IS MEASURED IN KILOGRAMS
VOLUME IS MEASURE A SPACE AND IS MEASURED IN UNITS SUCH AS CUBIC CENTIMETERS, CUBIC METERS, AND LITERS.

18. MASS IS NOT WEIGHT
MASS IS THE AMOUNT OF MATTER IN AN OBJECT – OR MORE SPECIFICALLY, MASS IS MEASURE OF THE INERTIA, OR LAZINESS THAT AN OBJECT EXHIBITS IN RESPONSE TO ANY EFFORT MADE TO START IT, STOP IT, OR TTHERWISE CHANGE ITS STATE OF MOTION
WEIGHT IS THE EFFECT OR FORCE OF GRAVITY UPON THAT OBJECT.

19. MASS AND WEIGHT ARE PROPORTIONAL
WEIGHT = MASS X GRAVITY
WEIGHT IS DIRECTLY PROPORTIONAL TO THE PRODUCT OF THE MASS AND THE FORCE OF GRAVITY.

20. UNIT OF FORCE FORCE IS MEASURED IN NEWTONS NAMED AFTER WHO?
1-KG = 9.8 N

21. NET FORCE
THE COMBINATION OF ALL FORCES ON AN OBJECT IS THE NET FORCE.

22. EQUILIBRIUM WHEN ALL FORCES ACTING ON AN OBJECT ADD UP TO ZERO
THIS SUM IS CALLED THE NET FORCE.

23. TYPES OF FORCES
FORCE APPLIED
FORCE OF FRICTION
FORCE NORMAL

24. FORCE APPLIED
ANY FORCE THAT IS BEING APPLIED TO AN OBJECT BY ANOTHER OBJECT

25. FRICTIONAL FORCE
ANY FORCE THAT OPPOSES MOTION

26. NORMAL FORCE
FORCE THAT IS PERPENDICULAR TO THE SURFACE UPON WHICH IT IS RESTING.

27. SUM OF THE FORCES PROBLEM SOLVING
NET EXTERNAL FORCES AND SUM OF THE FORCES IS THE SAME THING.
Fnet x and Fnet y ARE USED IN THE PYTHAGOREAN THEOREM TO CALCULATE THE RESULTANT FORCE AND INVERSE TANGENT TO CALCULATE THE RESULTANT DIRECTION.