1. Types of Rock
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2. Free Science Video Rock Types for Kids go to
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3. What are Rocks?
A rock is a naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals, or organic matter
Rocks are classified by how they are formed, their composition, and texture
Rocks change over time through the rock cycle
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4. Igneous Rocks
These are rocks formed by the cooling of molten rock (magma.)
Magma cools and solidifies forming igneous rocks
magma
volcano

5. Igneous Rocks Igneous rock begins as magma. Magma can form:
When rock is heated
When pressure is released
When rock changes composition
Magma freezes between
700 °C and 1,250 °C
Magma is a mixture of
many minerals
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6. Igneous Rocks
Intrusive Igneous Rocks: magma pushes into surrounding rock below the Earth’s surface
Extrusive Rocks: forms when magma erupts onto the Earth’s surface (lava), cools quickly with very small or no crystals formed
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7. Sedimentary Rocks
Sedimentary Rocks are rocks formed when particles of sediment build up and are “cemented together” by the effect of pressure and minerals.
sea
Fragments washed to the sea
Sedimentary
rocks
Rocks are broken
up by the action
of weather

8. Sedimentary Rocks Sedimentary rock is formed by erosion
Sediments are moved from one place to another
Sediments are deposited in layers, with the older ones
on the bottom
The layers become compacted and cemented together
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9. Sedimentary Rock
Sedimentary Rocks are formed at or near the Earth’s surface
No heat and pressure involved
Strata – layers of rock
Stratification – the process in which sedimentary rocks are arranged in layers
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10. Metamorphic Rocks heat
Metamorphic rocks are formed by the effect of heat and pressure on existing rocks.
This can greatly affect the hardness, texture or layer patterns of the rocks.
Magma
Pressure from surface rocks
metamorphic
rock
forming
here
heat

11. Metamorphic Rock Meaning to change shape Changes with temperature
and pressure, but remains
solid
Usually takes place deep in
the Earth
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12. Free Science Video Rock Types for Kids go to
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