1. Introduction to Physical Science and Measurement

2. Branches of Physical Science
Physics – Study of matter and energy and the interaction between motion and forces.
Chemistry – study of the composition, structure, properties of matter and reactions.

3. Measurement and Equipment
Length – Meter – m - meter stick
Mass – Gram – g – Triple beam balance
Volume – Liter – l – Graduated Cylinder
Temperature – Celsius – C - Thermometer

4. Write the Symbols
Centimeter -
Kilogram -
Millimeter -
Milliliter -

5. Conversion using a Number Line
EX: 73m = _____Km
21cm = ____mm
milli m
centi c
deci d
Hecto H
Kilo K
Deka D

6. Convert the following measurements
102dm = _____ Dm
0.7Km = ______ m
36.7 Hm = ____dm
17mm = _______ m
102cm = _______ m

7. Scientific Notation
Used for writing very large and very small numbers easier
EX:
32 x 103 = 32,000
32 x = .032
If the exponent is POSITIVE move the decimal RIGHT and if it is NEGATIVE move the decimal LEFT.

8. Scientific Notation Examples
45,000 =
62 =

9. Temperature Use Celsius or Kelvin for Temperature Celsius – oC
Kelvin – oK = oC +273
Boiling Point of water is 100oF and the freezing point is 00F. What is the boiling and freezing point of water is Celsius and Kelvin?

10. Types of Graphs Data Tables – comparing two sets of data
Line Graphs – showing a continuous change between variables
Bar Graphs – used to compare a set of measurements
Circle Graphs –Shows how part relates to a whole

11. Scientific Method
Observation – information gathered through your senses
Question / Problem – what you are trying to determine
Hypothesis – educated guess (what will happen)

12. Scientific Method Cont.
Experiment – used to test your hypothesis
Independent variable – what changes in the experiment
Dependent Variable – what is being measured (a number)
Control – what stays the same

13. Scientific Method Cont.
Data Analysis – gather and graph your data
Draw conclusion – Based on your data was your hypothesis right or wrong and why.

14. Designing the Experiment
Mr. Krabs created a secret ingredient for a breath mint that he thinks will “cure” the bad breath people get from eating crabby patties at the Krusty Krab. He asked 100 customers with a history of bad breath to try his new breath mint. He had fifty customers (Group A) eat a breath mint after they finished eating a crabby patty. The other fifty (Group B) also received a breath mint after they finished the sandwich, however, it was just a regular breath mint and did not have the secret ingredient. Both groups were told that they were getting the breath mint that would cure their bad breath. Two hours after eating the crabby patties, thirty customers in Group A and ten customers in Group B reported having better breath than they normally had after eating crabby patties.