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2. Unit 11 – Sports Nutrition Jade - jadec@calderdale.ac.uk
Level 3 Sport
Unit 11 – Sports Nutrition
Jade -

3. Unit Learning Outcomes
Know the concepts of nutrition and digestion
Know energy intake and expenditure in sports performance
Know the relationship between hydration and sports performance
Be able to plan a diet appropriate for a selected sports activity

4. Introductory Task
What do you know about the ‘function’ and ‘structure’ of the digestive system???

5. After this session you should be able to…
Learning Objectives
After this session you should be able to…
Describe the functions of the digestive system - digestion, absorption and excretion
Describe the structure of the digestive system
Aim higher… Explain the structures of the digestive system in relation to their functions (digestion, absorption and excretion)

6. Functions of the Digestive System
Digestion
Absorption
Excretion
Task
Define the terms above
Where do each of these processes happen?

7. Functions of the Digestive System
Digestion
A multi-stage process of breaking down large molecules into smaller molecules
There are mechanical (chewing/churning) and chemical (enzymes/acids) elements to this process

8. Functions of the Digestive System
Absorption
This is the movement of digested food from inside the digestive system into your body/blood so you can use the nutrients
It mostly happens in the small intestine where there is a large surface area due to ‘villi’
Nutrients move through the small intestine wall into the blood stream

9. 1. Digested food travels through the small intestine
2. Nutrients (carbs, fats and proteins) are absorbed from inside the intestine, through the wall to get into the body
3. The nutrients can then be used by the body e.g. proteins for muscle growth

10. Functions of the Digestive System
Excretion
The removal of end products - this is important to maintain health
The kidneys excrete urine
The large intestine excretes faeces

11. Structure of the Digestive System
Buccal cavity, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, pancreas, liver, gall bladder, bile duct, large intestine, kidneys, rectum, anus, appendix, diaphragm, epiglottis
Task
Do you know the location of the above?
What does each structure do?

12. Q. What is the role of each of these structures?
The Digestive System
Q. What is the role of each of these structures?

13. Digestive System Structure
Mouth
Taste buds give taste sensations
Teeth grind and breakdown the food
Food is mixed with saliva
The enzyme salivary amylase in saliva starts to digest carbohydrates
The tongue helps with swallowing. The food then travels down the oesophagus into the stomach. This takes around 6 seconds. Remember the epiglottis helps to make sure that food only goes down the oesophagus and not the respiratory tubes!

14. Digestive System Structure
Stomach
A stretchy, muscular sac
Food is churned and mixed with acid and enzymes to break it down even more
Hydrochloric acid kills any bacteria
The enzyme pepsin starts the digestion of proteins

15. Digestive System Structure
Churned food gradually enters the small intestine
Many enzymes for fat, carbohydrate and protein digestion are found here - food is digested further
Digested food starts to absorb into the body through the small intestine wall
The wall has ‘finger like’ projections to increase the surface area of the small intestine to enhance absorption

16. Digestive System Structure
Gall Bladder
Releases bile made in the liver into the small intestine to help with fat digestion and absorption
Pancreas
Releases more digestive enzymes into the small intestine
Kidneys
Filter the blood and remove excess water and waste products
Urine is produced, stored is the bladder and excreted
STOMACH

17. Digestive System Structure
Large Intestine
The left over products move through the large intestine
Water is absorbed back into the body here so the contents inside the intestine become solid
The waste is stored then is excreted via the anus

18. Resources
Guts: the strange and mysterious world of the human stomach (Planet E-stream)
Anatomy for beginners: Digestion (Planet E-stream)