1. AUTOMATED SYSTEM FOR ElECTRICITY MONITORING AND REGISTRATION (ASEMR/ASKUE/ )

2. What is ASEMR /ASKUE/ and the Need for Its Implementation
The main functions of the system:
To collect data on energy flow at all levels of voltage within specified time intervals in control centers;
To process the obtained data so that to provide drawing up of reports on consumed and generated energy;
To analyze and make forecast for energy consumption (generation);
To perform an analysis of cost indices, and, finally, the most important, to reveal efficiently the disbalances in power supply system.

3. Thus, the Implementation of Automated System for Electricity Monitoring and Registration /ASEMR/ASKUE/ is an actual and practically significant task directed to the improvement of energy system functioning.

4. Types of /ASEMR/ASKUE/
There is a great variety of Automated System for Electricity Monitoring and Registration /ASEMR/ASKUE/ types, however, they come basically to three principles of data transmission from energy registration devices to the energy control and registration centres/stations/:
1. Data transmission through the additional two-wire lines connecting the interfaces of electric meters (RS485 or CAN);
2. Data transmission through the internal radio modems built-in electric meters (they are used in the remote areas and in the ones which are maintained with difficulty);
3. Data transmission through force lines through PLC internal modems.

5. Comparative characteristics ASKUE on the basis of PLC and wire communication
Description Data
Data transmission through
lines (RS-485)
Data transmission based
on the PLC electric lines 1
Design and mounting works on system development
It is required to develop the plan of cross connections and to mounting data lines in reticent way or in special boxes
Electric meters are switched on into the system immediately after their connection to the electric wiring. 2
System operation
It is required to create a service for maintaining and controlling the technical condition of data lines
Planning the operation of electric networks 3
Possibility for extending the existing system
Laying additional lines, installation of supplementary equipment and temporary switch-off of functioning system components are required
Increasing the quantity of the electric meters (consumers) in a simple way 4
Data protection from unauthorized access
To prevent deliberate damage of the data channels, it is required to lay data lines in protective boxes. Low reliability level of data transmission is available
Encoded information/data/ is transmitted through power wiring in a digital form, protected from unauthorized access 5
Possibility of automatic registration in private sectors
It is not profitable by economic and reliability indicators
Free data transmission without mounting any additional wires and equipment at a distance of 1000 m

6. Thus, Automated System for Electricity Monitoring and Registration /ASEMR/ASKUE/ functioning by means of transferring information through the force lines and through the modems built in the electric meters, with its technical and economic parameters is the most effective system.

7. Configuration of ASEMR/ASKUE/ (based on PLC)

8. 1. Electric meters
Single-phase and three-phase meters with internal modems for transmitting data through force lines (PLC-modem), ensuring data acquisition and storage of data on energy consumption with cumulative total in multi-tariff mode.

9. 2. The concentrator
The concentrator ensures:
- reception, processing and storage of data on the energy consumed by subscribers;
- transferring the individual and group commands to the electric meters;
- synchronization of internal clock/hours/ in multi-tariff electric meters;
- retransmitting data to extend area coverage;
- generation of data on emergency-technical condition of the system;
- connection of GSM and radio modems, adapters of Ethernet network for further transferring information to the control station.

10. 3. Communication equipment
In the system of ASEMR/ASKUE/ GSM gateway is used to transmit data from the concentrators, geographically allocated in control offices of electricity registration to GSM modem connected to the Personal Computer/PC/ of a dispatcher/operator.

11. Software The software is necessary for:
Carrying out remote pickup of information from the geographically allocated concentrators;
Transferring group and individual commands on electric meter control to the concentrators;
Using it as data source for conducting balances and extracting the electricity billing for electricity consumers.

12. EXAMPLES and PRINCIPLE of FUNCTIONING of Automated System for Data Acquisition by "Mercury-PLC" approach
Branch “Arevmutq” Section А2
Branch “Musaler'' Electric mains- Echmiadzin
The simplified scheme of system connection
Demonstration of system functioning by "Mercury-PLC" approach

13. based on "Mercury-PLC" approach, installed in
The ASEMR/ASKUE/
equipment structure
based on "Mercury-PLC" approach, installed in
“Arevmutq” branch Section A2, comprises:

14. 1. Electric meters Single-phase Mercury 200 - 2460 pcs.
Three-phase Mercury pcs.
Meters with built-in modems of data transmission through force lines (PLC-modem) ensure:
Data accumulation and storage by cumulative total.
Functioning in multi-tariff mode.
Measuring and induction of instant power values, current voltage, cos F.

15. 2. Concentrators Mercury 225.1 - 36 pcs.
The concentrator ensures:
- Reception, processing and storage of data on the energy consumption from 2048 electric meters;
- Transferring the individual and group commands to the electric meters;
- Synchronization of internal clock of multi-tariff meters;
- Retransmitting data with the aim of extending area coverage;
- Generation of data on emergency-technical condition of the system;
- Connection of GSM and radio modems and adapters of Ethernet network;
for further transferring of information to the control station.
It is also possible to take accumulated information to the dispatcher’s personalcomputer(PC) directly on the place where “ Mercury “ is installed through serial port RS485 or USB port. A unit, consisting of 3 “Mercury 225.1” concentrators, is used in three-phase network/power line/, connected through RS-485 interface.

16. 3. Communication Equipment
1. “Mercury 228” GSM- gate pcs.
“Mercury 228” GSM-gate is designed to ensure a distant access to а device or a group of devices equipped with RS-485 serial interfaces. In ASEMR/ASKUE/ system GSM-gate is used for data transmission from geographically distributed "Mercury 225.1" concentrators in control offices/stations/ of energy registration.
2. “Siemens MC35” GSM modem – 1pcs.
“Siemens MC35” GSM modem is connected with registration operator's PC to ensure a two-way communication with distant devices (GSM gate) through GSM channel.

17. “BQuark.exe" Program
BQuark.exe program is designed for using in the structure of Automated System for Electricity Control and registration of electricity consumption of "Mercury-PLC” as a working place for registration operator.
It is possible to perform data pickup distantly from geographically distributed ”Mercury 225” concentrators which in their turn accept data on accounted energy from the subscribers’ electric meters of “Mercury” type with built-in PLC-modems. Besides, it is possible to transfer to the concentrators any group and individual commands on electric meters monitoring.
Information read-out can be carried out both by connecting the PC directly to the interface of RS-485 concentrator, and remotely – through GSM-data channel. In the last case “Mercury-225.1” concentrator is used connected with “Mercury-228” GSM-gate в связке с which is connected to the concentrator through RS-485 interface.
'BQuark' program can be utilized as data preliminary source for accounting and providing bills for electricity consumers.
The so-called Task file serves as “Program of Actions” for 'BQuark'.
Task file is a text file with extension *.dat, comprising: description of hardware components structure for data acquisition of the acquired system, user interface settings, proper data, received from the concentrator (concentrators), program last session protocol (log).

18. Standard scheme for Equipment Layout

19. Branch “Musaler'' Electric mains- Echmiadzin
The ASEMR/ASKUE/
equipment structure
based on "Mercury-PLC" approach, installed in
Branch “Musaler'' Electric mains- Echmiadzin
consists of:

20. Single-phase meters of Mercury -200-04 – 1500 pcs.
Three-phase meters of Mercury 230 – 230 pcs.
Concentrators “Mercury 225.1” – 48 pcs.
GSM-gates “Mercury 228” – 11pcs.

21. The variant of data acquisition system in network of 0,4 kV for one-storey building

22. Demonstration of ASEMR/ASKUE/ (Mercury PLC) operation principle:

23. Mercury 200

24. Mercury 230

25. Connecting GSM MODEM to (SIEMENS MC35) the Personal Computer

26. Concentrator Mercury-225.1

27. GSM-gate “Mercury - 228”

28. Standard scheme for Equipment Layout

29. Program «BQuark» The program “BQuark” is designed for distant data query from the geographically distributed ”Mercury 225.1” concentrators and representing the obtained data for further analyses